The present invention includes methods for detecting and reducing or inhibiting ischemic stroke in a mammal, the method comprising: (a) selecting microRNAs to downregulate selected from the group consisting of hsa-miR-96-5p, hsa-miR-99a-5p, hsa-miR-122-5p, hsa-miR-186-5p, hsa-miR-211-5p, hsa-mir-760, PC-3p-57664, or PC-5p-12969, (b) selecting microRNAs to upregulate selected from the group consisting of ggo-miR-139, hsa-miR-30d-5p, hsa-miR-22-3p, hsa-miR-23a-3p, mmu-miR-5124a, mmu-mir-6240-5p, PC-3p-32463, or PC-5p-211, and combinations thereof, and (c) administering an agent that: downregulates that targets in (a), upregulates the targets in (b), or both, to the subject in an amount sufficient to reduce or inhibit ischemic stroke in the mammal. The present invention also includes the detection of the markers for use with stroke patients.

Compositions and methods for treating cancer are provided. In particular, the compositions comprise an anti-neoplastic agent and either an interferon type I agonist or an interferon type II agonist, or a combination of an interferon type I agonist and an interferon type II agonist.

The present disclosure is directed to compositions and methods to treat the inflammatory response present in certain diseases and illnesses by modifying a dysregulation of one or more genes associated with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Embodiments of the disclosure can provide methods for treating an inflammatory response in a patient by identifying the inflammatory response and modifying the inflammatory response.

The disclosure is directed to inhibitory agents that hybridize to a GAPLINC RNA and inhibit or reduce the expression of the GAPLINC RNA. The GAPLINC RNA is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) located on chromosome 18 between the protein-coding genes Tgif and Dlgap1. The disclosure also features pharmaceutical compositions including the inhibitory agents and methods of using the inhibitory agents to treat an inflammatory disease, such as sepsis.

Provided are a precursor miRNA and application thereof in a tumor treatment. The precursor miRNA from the 5′ end to 3′ end has a structure presented as formula I:

##STR00001##

B1 is anti-miRNA-214-5p; B2 is an essentially complementary sequence or a totally complementary sequence to B1, and B2 and C are not complementary; C is a sequence having a stem-loop structure; A1 and A2 are respectively RNA sequences having no or 4-5 bases freely selected bases respectively; the precursor miRNA shown can be processed to form anti-miRNA-214 in a host, and only anti-miRNA-214-5p but not anti-miRNA-214-3p is expressed in the anti-miRNA-214.

Methods of treating hepatic steatosis involve administering to a subject a DENND5B inhibitor, thereby reducing the expression of and/or activity of DENND5B in liver of the subject. The DENND5B inhibitor can include antisense oligonucleotide (ASO), CRISPR interference (CRISPRi), miRNA, siRNA, locked nucleic acid (LNA) nucleotides, or a combination thereof.

Disclosed herein, in certain embodiments, are recombinant Arc and endogenous Gag polypeptides, and methods of using recombinant Arc and endogenous Gag polypeptides.

The present invention is directed to a system including neurons over-expressing UBB+1, organized in a 3-dimensional culture, and method of using same. A process for making the system of the invention is also provided.

Provided herein are compositions and methods for reprogramming a non-neuronal cell to a neuron. Aspects of the present disclosure relate to compositions and methods for transdifferentiating an age-restricted non-neuronal cell into a neuron. Also provided herein is a method of treating neurodegenerative disease by reprogramming region or anatomy specific non-neuronal cells into specific types of functionalized neurons.

The present disclosure provides nucleic acid compositions that incorporate one or more halouracil molecules. More specifically, the present disclosure reveals that the replacement of uracil nucleotides within a microRNA nucleotide sequence with a 5-halouracil increases the ability of the micro-RNA to inhibit cancer progression and tumorigenesis. As such, the present disclosure provides various nucleic acid (e.g., microRNA) compositions having 5-halouracil molecules incorporated in their nucleic acid sequences and methods for using the same. The present disclosure further provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the modified nucleic acid compositions, and methods for treating cancers using the same.