The current invention reports the use of meta-tyrosine for increasing the specific productivity of a eukaryotic cell that produces/expresses a polypeptide. In the current method it is not necessary to perform a temperature-, osmolality- or pH shift or to add drugs like valproic acid or sodium butyrate to modulate the specific productivity of the cultivated cells. The method does not affect cell viability or product titer.

The present invention provides a method for producing a retinal progenitor cell, including (1) a first step of subjecting pluripotent stem cells to floating culture in a serum-free medium to form an aggregate of pluripotent stem cells, and (2) a second step of subjecting the aggregate formed in step (1) to floating culture in a serum-free medium or serum-containing medium each being free of a substance acting on the Sonic hedgehog signal transduction pathway but containing a substance acting on the BMP signal transduction pathway, thereby obtaining an aggregate containing retinal progenitor cells.

The application provides biocompatible carriers comprising bone forming and/or cartilage forming cells and methods for making them. The application further provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising said ATMPs and method of treatments using said ATMPs. The application further relates to said ATMPS for use in the treatment of bone disorders, cartilage disorders and joint disorders. The current invention further relates to method of treatments of bone disorders, cartilage disorders and joint disorders.

Methods of culturing cells capable of producing desired proteins to obtain the proteins by use of a medium from which biological components are excluded as much as possible are provided. Specifically, a culture method characterized by culturing while maintaining a specific amino acid in a culture solution at a high concentration, and a cell culture fed-batch medium for use in the method are provided.

A method of producing a synthetic retina, including differentiating a stem cell culture in a culture medium and supplementing the culture with: (i) Triiodothyronine from about day 18 of cell differentiation; and (ii) retinoic acid for a first time period.

The present document describes uses and methods of using a gem-difluorinated C-glycopeptide compound of general formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable base, addition salt with an acid, hydrate or solvate of the compound of general formula I for inhibition or prevention of immune rejection of an isolated graft contacted with said compound, prior to transplantation in a subject in need thereof.

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Provided herein is a dual cell aggregate culture of retinal epithelial cells and photoreceptors for use as a research tool, such as the screening of compounds or model for study of retinal diseases, as well as a therapeutic for treating ocular diseases.

The present invention provides a method for producing a retinal progenitor cell, including (1) a first step of subjecting pluripotent stem cells to floating culture in a serum-free medium to form an aggregate of pluripotent stem cells, and (2) a second step of subjecting the aggregate formed in step (1) to floating culture in a serum-free medium or serum-containing medium each being free of a substance acting on the Sonic hedgehog signal transduction pathway but containing a substance acting on the BMP signal transduction pathway, thereby obtaining an aggregate containing retinal progenitor cells.

Described herein are methods and compositions for use in improving a vascular barrier of endothelial cells. The methods may include the use of barrier agonist compounds and improved techniques for culturing endothelial cells. The improved methods and compositions for culturing endothelial cells may include at least one or more of the following: an adenylyl cyclase activator; an activator of Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor internalization; a direct or indirect inducer of tight junction protein expression, and a direct or indirect inducer of adherens junction protein expression.

The present invention provides a cell capable of high-yield production of polypeptides and a method for producing the same. The present invention relates to a method for producing a cell capable of high-yield production of a desired polypeptide, wherein a strongly taurine transporter-expressing cell into which DNA encoding the desired polypeptide has been introduced is cultured in the presence of a high concentration of methotrexate and a cell capable of high-yield production of the desired polypeptide is selected from among surviving cells.