The present invention provides modified monocytes, modified macrophages, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the modified monocytes or modified macrophages described herein and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. Uses of the modified monocytes or the modified macrophages for the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases and inducing cartilage formation are provided. Also disclosed herein are in vitro culture methods for generating the modified macrophages.

The present invention discloses a use of a mitochondrial extract to treat and/or prevent a kidney injury-related disease. Specifically, by administering the mitochondrial extract disclosed in the present invention to a patient having a kidney injury-related disease, the kidney injury-related disease can be effectively alleviated and prevented from deterioration.

Provided is a method for producing serum that exhibits improved cell proliferation activity. A method for producing serum for culturing mammalian cells, comprising: maintaining blood collected from a first mammal at a temperature between 15° C. and 25° C. for up to 48 hours and preparing serum from the blood.

Disclosed are means of treating spontaneous abortion utilizing cellular populations derived from autologous adipose tissue. In one embodiment the invention teaches the collection of stromal vascular fraction from women attempting to conceive, isolation of anti-abortigenic cells from said stromal vascular fraction, storing said cells, and administering said cells in early pregnancy or when conception is desired.

Provided are the tolerogenic dendritic cells for treating a myocardial infarction and a method for preparing the same, and more particularly, the tolerogenic dendritic cells for treating a myocardial infarction, which can treat cardiac insufficiency that occurs by excessive remodeling of left ventricle in the heart muscle recovery process after an acute myocardial infarction, and a method for preparing the tolergenic dendritic cells. According to the present invention, the inflammatory reaction and the excessive remodeling of left ventricle in the heart muscle recovery process after a myocardial infarction can be inhibited, and thus, the incidence rate of cardiac insufficiency can be significantly reduced, thereby being effectively used for treating a myocardial infarction.

Disclosed herein are novel compositions and methods for stimulation of and the production or expansion of natural killer (NK) cells. Numbers of NK cells can be increased following contact with exosomes modified with one or more stimulatory peptides. Methods and compositions for the production of exosomes, wherein the exosomes comprises stimulatory peptides are also described. Also described are methods of treating cancer using the disclosed NK-stimulating exosomes or NK cells stimulated by the disclosed methods.

The present invention provides improved and/or shortened methods for expanding TILs and producing therapeutic populations of TILs, including novel methods for expanding TIL populations in a closed system that lead to improved efficacy, improved phenotype, and increased metabolic health of the TILs in a shorter time period, while allowing for reduced microbial contamination as well as decreased costs. Such TILs find use in therapeutic treatment regimens.

Objects of the present invention are to provide a method for directly obtaining pluripotent stem cells which do not have tumorigenic property from body tissue and the thus obtained pluripotent stem cells. The present invention relates to SSEA-3 (+) pluripotent stem cells that can be isolated from body tissue.

The present invention provides a second use of mitochondria, which can cure a tendon injury-related disease and prevent a disease caused by a tendon injury. Specifically, the mitochondria disclosed in the present invention have the effect of repairing injured tendon cells and accelerating the healing of the tendon cells. Therefore, by administering a predetermined amount of mitochondria or a composition containing a predetermined amount of mitochondria to a part with a tendon injury, wound healing of the part with the tendon injury can be promoted, thus achieving the effect of repairing the injured tendon and further preventing a joint disease caused by the tendon injury or inflammation.

Disclosed herein are novel compositions and methods for stimulation of and the production or expansion of natural killer (NK) cells. Numbers of NK cells can be increased following contact with exosomes modified with one or more stimulatory peptides. Methods and compositions for the production of exosomes, wherein the exosomes comprises stimulatory peptides are also described. Also described are methods of treating cancer using the disclosed NK-stimulating exosomes or NK cells stimulated by the disclosed methods.