Disclosed are means, methods, and compositions of matter useful for treatment of autoimmunity comprising exposing patient T cells fibroblasts possessing tolerogenic properties. In one embodiment peripheral blood mononuclear cells are cultured in the presence of CD73 selected fibroblasts alone or in the presence of interleukin-2, and/or IL-7, and/or TGF-beta, and/or PGE-2 for a period of time sufficient to endow tolerogenic properties. Said tolerogenic properties include ability to suppress adaptive or innate immune responses. In another embodiment the disclosure provides methods of generating antigen specific immune regulatory cells by culture of T cells together with fibroblasts in the presence of antigen to which specific immune regulation is desired.

The present invention provides a composition for treating ischemic diseases or neuroinflammatory diseases. PSA-NCAM-positive neural progenitor cells used in the present invention promote angiogenesis in injected tissue and inhibit an inflammatory response. The PSA-NCAM-positive neural progenitor cells can be simply isolated by using an anti-PSA-NCAM-antibody, and exhibit excellent angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities compared with mesenchymal stem cells, and thus can be useful as a composition for effectively treating ischemic diseases caused by a vascular injury and nerve damage diseases caused by inflammation. In addition, a secretome of the neural progenitor cells of the present invention reduces the ischemic injury site and allows a neurological function to recover, and thus can be used as an agent for treating ischemic diseases and degenerative nervous system disorders such as nerve damage diseases caused by inflammation.

Methods of treating, ameliorating or preventing an acute respiratory disease or condition or cytokine storm in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of MSCs contacted with chemotherapy or conditioned media from the MSCs contacted with chemotherapy are provided.

Provided herein are a method of promoting osteogenic differentiation efficiency of a stem cell or of inducing chondrogenic differentiation of a stem cell, comprising treating the stem cell with a culture solution of chicken bone marrow-derived osteochondroprogenitor cells; a method of preventing or treating cartilage damage or a cartilage defect disease comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a composition comprising a differentiation-induced stem cell or differentiated chondrocyte made by said method as an active ingredient; and a method of preventing or treating a bone disease, cartilage damage, or a cartilage defect disease comprising administering to a subject in need thereof, a composition comprising a culture solution or culture concentrate of chicken bone marrow-derived osteochondroprogenitor cells as an active ingredient.

The present invention relates to a composition including stem cell-derived microvesicles as an active ingredient for promoting neurogenesis. The stem cell-derived microvesicles according to the present invention can promote neurogenesis and migration of nerves and also promote angiogenesis in vascular endothelial cells, and thus can be usefully used in treatment of neurological damage.

The present invention provides a highly functional hypoimmunogenic cell, namely, a hypoimmunogenic human cell (1) lacking an endogenous gene encoding an α chain of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class Ia, (2) lacking an endogenous gene encoding HLA class II or an expression regulator thereof, (3) containing an exogenous gene encoding an α chain of HLA class Ib, (4) containing an exogenous gene encoding human PD-L1, and (5) containing an exogenous gene encoding human PD-L2.

An artificial tissue containing pancreatic islet cells, fibroblasts and/or cells capable of differentiating, extracellular matrix, and vascular endothelial cells, in which the fibroblasts and/or the cells capable of differentiating, the extracellular matrix, and the vascular endothelial cells constitute a three-dimensional tissue structure in which a vascular network structure has been formed, and in which the three-dimensional tissue structure contains pancreatic islets constituted by aggregating ten or more of the pancreatic islet cells.

Implementations are described that relate to methods and systems for growing cells in a hollow fiber bioreactor. In implementations, the cells may be exposed to a number of growth factors including a combination of recombinant growth factors. In other implementations, the cells may be grown in co-culture with other cells, e.g., hMSC's. In implementations, the cells may include CD34+ cells. A coated membrane includes a membrane having a first coating configured to promote cellular adhesion to the membrane and a second coating that includes a soluble protein moiety.

The invention relates to a method of producing CD34+CD4.sup.dim megakaryocyte (MK) progenitor cells, and substantially pure cell population of megakaryocyte precursor cells obtained by said method. The invention also relates to a method of producing proplatelet-bearing MKs and/or platelets using the CD34+CD4.sup.dim cells.

Methods and compositions for treating ovarian failure are provided. In one embodiment, the method includes administering stem cells into the ovary of a female subject in need of such treatment. The stem cells are preferably bone marrow derived stem cells (BMSC). In other embodiments, the stem cells are embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, induced stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, umbilical cord blood cells, or combinations thereof. The stem cells can be autologous or heterologous. In one embodiment, the stem cells have the following surface marker profile: CD105 positive, CD166 positive, CD90 positive, and CD73 positive as well as CD14 negative, CD34 negative, CD45 negative, HLA-DR negative, and CD 19 negative. The stem cells are administered in an amount effective to restore ovarian hormone production and promote folliculogenesis.