The present disclosure provides a process for obtaining an expanded primed mesenchymal stem cell population. In the process, the MSCs are cultured in the culture medium comprising a corneal stromal stem cell derived-conditioned medium to obtain the expanded population of the primed mesenchymal stem cell population along with the mesenchymal stem cell derived-conditioned medium. Also, provided is a method of culturing the MSCs in 3D culture using a spheroid-based method or a microcarrier-based method, in order to obtain the expanded primed mesenchymal stem cell population. Further, an exosome preparation obtained from the expanded primed mesenchymal stem cell derived-conditioned medium is also disclosed herein. The present disclosure also discloses a composition comprising an expanded population of the primed mesenchymal stem cells, or a primed mesenchymal stem cell derived-conditioned medium, or an exosome preparation, or combinations thereof.

An object of the present invention is to provide a ventral hindgut organoid for producing a bladder organoid that comprises a layer structure of bladder epithelial cell types like the urinary bladder. An aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a ventral hindgut organoid, comprising culturing a pluripotent stem cell with an inducer medium A containing activin A and GSK3β inhibitor to induce differentiation into definitive endoderm cells and culturing the definitive endoderm cells with an inducer medium B containing fibroblast growth factor, GSK3β inhibitor, and optionally further containing bone morphogenetic protein, and then culturing them in the presence of extracellular matrix with an inducer medium B containing fibroblast growth factor, GSK3β inhibitor, and optionally further containing bone morphogenetic protein to form a ventral hindgut organoid.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to the production of therapeutic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). More particularly, the present disclosure relates to the use of cell culture compositions and methods for generating MSCs that secrete neurotrophic factors and synaptic organizing agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). As such, the present disclosure addresses the need for establishing a reliable source of therapeutic stem cells useful for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

The present disclosure discloses methods for culturing stem cells in three-dimensional methods. Said method is either a spheroid-based method or a microcarrier-based method. The process as described herein leads to the expansion of the stem cells to obtain an expanded population of the stem cells, and a stem cell derived-conditioned medium. The present disclosure also discloses an expanded population of the stem cells, and a stem cell derived-conditioned medium obtained from the process as described herein. Further, an exosome preparation obtained from the stem cell derived-conditioned medium is also disclosed herein. The present disclosure also discloses a composition comprising an expanded population of the stem cells, or a stem cell derived-conditioned medium, or an exosome preparation, or combinations thereof. Methods of treatment using the composition as described herein is also disclosed in the present disclosure.

The present disclosure provides methods of preparing perivascular tissue lysates and methods of preparing mesenchymal stem cell (e.g., perivascular stem cell) lysates and total protein products from cultured cells (e.g., cultured perivascular stromal cells). The disclosure also features compositions containing such lysates and total protein products and methods of using the lysates in skincare applications, dermatological applications, cell culture applications, and to treat autoimmune or inflammatory diseases or conditions, local inflammation, and angiogenesis-related diseases or conditions.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to the production of therapeutic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). More particularly, the present disclosure relates to the use of cell culture compositions and methods for generating MSCs that secrete neurotrophic factors and synaptic organizing agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). As such, the present disclosure addresses the need for establishing a reliable source of therapeutic stem cells useful for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

A tissue structure for enabling comprehensive understanding of gene patterns of mature cells and a method of preparing the tissue structure are provided. A tissue structure is obtained by co-culturing an endodermal, ectodermal, or mesodermal cell derived from a stem cell and at least one cell and/or factor selected from the group consisting of a vascular cell, a mesenchymal cell, a factor secreted by a vascular cell, a factor secreted by a mesenchymal cell, and a factor secreted when both a vascular cell and a mesenchymal cell exist. A value obtained by assay of a plurality of functions using a Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient is closer to a value of a cell or biological tissue sampled from an adult than a value of a cell or biological tissue sampled from a fetus.

A method for isolation, enrichment and co-culture of foetal polymix involving two or more components of mesenchymal stem cells derived from, but not limited to, placenta, amnion, amniotic fluid, chorion and umbilical cord and/or other products of conception under hypoxic or otherwise and/or normoxic/general conditions for treatment of a plurality of disorders ranging from congenital to degenerative to developmental to malignant disorders and diseases prior to therapeutic administration.

A method for isolation, enrichment and co-culture of foetal polymix involving two or more components of mesenchymal stem cells derived from, but not limited to, placenta, amnion, amniotic fluid, chorion and umbilical cord and/or other products of conception under hypoxic or otherwise and/or normoxic/general conditions for treatment of a plurality of disorders ranging from congenital to degenerative to developmental to malignant disorders and diseases prior to therapeutic administration.

The invention provides a method of producing and using extracellular vesicles (ECVs) derived from activated stromal cells for the treatment of certain disease and conditions. Specifically, ECVs derived from preactivated mesenchymal cells are effective in reducing cancer cell growth and metastasis as well as inducing tolerogenesis in immature dendritic cells. Additionally, ECVs derived from umbilical cord blood may be useful for immunosuppression and reduction of inflammation.