Vaccination methods to control PCV2 infection with different PCV2 subtypes are disclosed. Specifically, a PCV2 subtype b (PCV2b) ORF2 proteins or immunogenic compositions comprising a PCV2b ORF2 protein are used in a method for the treatment or prevention of an infection with PCV2 of a different subtype, the reduction, prevention or treatment of clinical signs caused by an infection with PCV2 of a different subtype, or the prevention or treatment of a disease caused by an infection with PCV2 of a different subtype.

The present invention provides for a novel oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion, with increased stability in the presence of bacterial or viral suspensions, especially those concentrated and non-purified (crude extracts) or minimally purified. The emulsion of the present invention can act as vehicle for the delivery of a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one immunogen and, in particular, an immunogen selected from the group consisting of an inactivated pathogen, an attenuated pathogen, a subunit, a recombinant expression vector, and a plasmid or combinations thereof.

A PCV2 vaccine and a method of vaccinating against PCV2 are provided herein. The PCV2 vaccine includes a PCV2 infectious clone with a re-engineered PCV2 capsid in the backbone thereof, wherein the re-engineered PCV2 capsid includes a modified immunogenic region. The method of vaccinating against PCV2 includes administering the PCV2 vaccine including a PCV2 infectious clone with a re-engineered PCV2 capsid in the backbone thereof to a subject in need thereof.

The present invention relates to the preparation of the recombinant antigen of the viral capsid of Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) and modifications thereof, upon expression in a prokaryotic system, purification in the monomer form, recovery of virus-like particles (VLPs) and their use in vaccine formulations, diagnostic kits and a system for quantifying in vaccine lots of the PCV-2 antigen by means of a capture ELISA assay. The antigens and vaccine formulations can be used in animal's immunization in programs for combatting PCV-2-associated diseases in conventional swine breeding systems, and represent alternatives to the commercially available vaccines. The ELISA kit can be used for testing the quality of commercial and/or experimental vaccines against PCV-2.

The invention relates to a novel porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) strain. The invention also relates to immunogenic compositions containing the novel PCV2 strain, PCV2 test kits, and applications of the novel PCV2 strain.

Vaccines of preferential administration via mucous membranes, for the control of viral diseases generated by infectious agents that use heparan sulfate (HS) as a cellular receptor consisting of an immunogenic formulation for veterinary use, comprising an antigen whose cellular receptor is heparan sulfate (HS), a vehicle for oral, intranasal or parenteral administration, wherein said vehicle corresponds to D-glucosamine and functionalized N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biopolymers, with sulfur atoms, and/or functionalized chitosan biopolymer, with sulfur atoms, and where the antigen is microencapsulated by said types of functionalized biopolymers.

A method of enhancing immune response in hosts, including vaccinating the hosts with a immunogenic composition, so as to enhance antibody immune response and/or cellular immune response to an immunogen. The immunogenic composition includes the immunogen and an adjuvant additive. The adjuvant additive includes a receptor associated protein (RAP) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 and/or a pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE) protein.

Provided herein is a mammalian expression system for producing recombinant porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) virus-like particles (VLPs). The expression system includes a mammalian cell and a plasmid that comprises a PCV2 gene encoding a capsid protein. The PCV2 gene is codon optimized, and the mammalian cell is transfected with the plasmid. The expression system produces recombinant PCV2 VLPs, such as PCV2d VLPs. Also provided herein are a method for producing porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) virus-like particles (VLPs), as well as a PCV2 VLP generated by the method.

The present invention relates to recombinantly constructed polypeptides useful for preparing vaccines, in particular for reducing one or more clinical signs caused by an infection with at least one pathogen, such as clinical signs caused by a viral infection. More particular, the present invention is directed to a polypeptide comprising a Circoviridae capsid protein linked to a heterologous protein or fragment thereof, and to chimeric virus-like particles composed of such polypeptides. In one example, a fusion protein is provided which comprises PCV2 ORF2 protein linked to an immunogenic fragment of rotavirus VP8 protein, and which is usable for reducing one or more clinical signs, mortality or fecal shedding caused by a rotavirus infection in swine.

The present invention provides combination vaccines that comprise an immunological agent effective for reducing the incidence of or lessening the severity of PPE caused by L. intracellularis, and one or more immunological active components effective in treatment and/or prophylaxis of at least one further disease-causing organism for swine. Moreover, the present invention also relates to a kit that comprises an immunological agent effective for reducing the incidence of or lessening the severity of PPE caused by L. intracellularis, and one or more immunological active components effective in treatment and/or prophylaxis of at least one further disease-causing organism for swine.