This disclosure provides live, attenuated viruses, and methods of making and using the live, attenuated viruses.

Modified influenza virus neuraminidases are described herein that improve viral replication, thus improving the yield of vaccine viruses. Expression of such modified neuraminidases by influenza virus may also stabilize co-expressed hemagglutinins so that the hemagglutinins do not undergo mutation.

A method to prepare recombinant influenza viruses comprising a mutant M2 protein which has a deletion of two or more residues in the cytoplasmic tail and is attenuated in vivo, is provided, as well the resulting virus and vaccines with the virus.

This disclosure provides live, attenuated viruses, and methods of making and using the live, attenuated viruses.

It is disclosed herein that viruses coated in silica retain infectivity and the capacity to induce an immune response in an infected host. In addition, silicified virus is remarkably resistant to desiccation. Provided herein are methods of inducing a virus-specific immune response in a subject by administering to the subject an effective amount of silicified virus or silicified virus particles. Methods of enhancing a virus-specific cell-mediated immune response (such as a T cell-mediated immune response) in a subject by administering to the subject a silicified virus or silicified virus particles are also described herein. Further provided are immunogenic compositions comprising silicified virus or silicified virus particles, such as compositions useful as vaccines. The immunogenic compositions include a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or an adjuvant.

This disclosure provides modified cytosine deaminases (CDs). The disclosure further relates to cells and vector expressing or comprising such modified CDs and methods of using such modified CDs in the treatment of disease and disorders.

The present invention describes a viral RNA expression plasmid and a method for obtaining viral particles based on said plasmids comprising transfecting animal cells with an expression vector or a set of expression vectors capable of expressing a nucleoprotein and RNA-dependent polymerase RNA; and transfecting the animal cell with an expression vector or a set of expression vectors with nucleotide sequences encoding recombinant RNA molecules.

The invention discloses vaccine for coronavirus and influenza virus and method for preparation thereof. More specifically, the invention discloses seasonal viral vaccine i. e. coronavirus and influenza virus vaccine for prophylaxis of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection (COVID-19) and Influenza virus in mammals and method for preparation of such vaccine. The invention discloses the stable combination vaccine compositions of killed-inactivated SARS-CoV-2, Influenza virus (A and B strains) as antigens. The present invention further discloses method of adaptation and growth seasonal influenza (A and B) strains in cell culture and methods of inactivation and purification of influenza virus bulk antigen. The present invention also discloses SARS-CoV-2 vaccine formulation with inactivated Influenza viruses and use of the same to elicit immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza viruses in mammals and humans.

The present invention relates to the development and manufacturing of viral vaccines. In particular, the invention relates to the field of industrial production of viral vectors and vaccines, more in particular to the use of avian embryonic stem cells, preferably the EBx cell line derived from chicken embryonic stem cells, for the production of viral vectors and viruses. The invention is particularly useful for the industrial production of viral vaccines to prevent viral infection of humans and animals.

Certain embodiments of the present invention include a method for rapidly designing pharmaceutical preparations for preventing viral infection that have adapted to growth in various culturing systems but maintain antigenic similarity to the original virus. The method may include serial passaging a plurality of instances of a targeted virus strain from an infected first animal in respective droplets in second animal cells, in parallel synthesizing antibodies that neutralize the targeted virus strain in a third animal, and selecting the second animal cell-adapted viral lineages that are neutralized by the antibodies to identify second animal cell-adapted viral lineages having antigenic similarity to the targeted virus strain.