The present invention relates to virus-like particles of plant virus Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV), and in particular to modified VLPs of CMV comprising Th cell epitopes, in particular universal Th cell epitopes. Furthermore, these modified VLPs serve as, preferably, vaccine platform, for generating immune responses, in particular antibody responses, against antigens linked to said modified VLPs. The presence of the Th cell epitopes, in particular universal Th cell epitopes, led to a further increase in the generated immune response.

Virus-like particles (VLPs) of mammalian-hosted viruses, such as SARS-CoV and influenza viruses, have been recombinantly produced from Vero cells. The VLPs closely emulate the exterior of authentic virus particles and are highly immunogenic. They can elicit not only humoral but also cellular immune responses in a mammal. Compositions and methods related to the VLPs are also described.

The present invention is directed to a preparation of an adjuvant system to achieve required level of humoral and cellular immune response against antigen of interest. The current invention provides an adjuvant system comprising an immunostimulating reconstituted influenza virosomes (IRIVs) and immunopotentiators. The current invention illustrates that an antigen is adsorbed or incorporated into IRIVs and further formulated with lipophilic adjuvant such as MPL or glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (synthetic analogue of MPL).

The present invention relates, in part, to compositions and methods for enhancement of an immune response by partial mTOR inhibition, e.g., with low, immune enhancing, doses of an mTOR inhibitor, such as RAD001.

The disclosure relates to the technical field of veterinary biological products, and discloses an avian influenza and fowl adenovirus type 4 bi-combined genetic engineering subunit vaccine. An antigen in the vaccine is a fusion antigen; the fusion antigen has a) avian influenza virus HA protein; b) fowl adenovirus fiber2 protein; c) a specific linker peptide located between the avian influenza virus HA protein and the fowl adenovirus fiber2 protein; the amino acid sequence of the specific linker peptide is as shown in SEQ ID NO:2. This vaccine contains the fusion antigen which can induce poultries to produce a high-level specific antibody to protect poultries from avian influenza and fowl adenovirus infection. Meanwhile, the disclosure also discloses a method for preparing the vaccine.

The present invention relates to virus-like particles of plant virus Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV), and in particular to modified VLPs of CMV comprising Th cell epitopes, in particular universal Th cell epitopes. Furthermore, these modified VLPs serve as, preferably, vaccine platform, for generating immune responses, in particular antibody responses, against antigens linked to said modified VLPs. The presence of the Th cell epitopes, in particular universal Th cell epitopes, led to a further increase in the generated immune response.

Recombinant influenza virus proteins, including influenza capsomers, subviral particles, virus-like particles (VLP), VLP complexes, and/or any portions of thereof, are provided as a vaccine for influenza viruses. The invention is based on the combination of two vaccine technologies: (1) intrinsically safe recombinant vaccine technology, and (2) highly immunogenic, self-assembled protein macromolecules embedded in plasma membranes and comprised of multiple copies of influenza virus structural proteins exhibiting neutralizing epitopes in native conformations. More specifically, this invention relates to the design and production of functional homotypic and heterotypic recombinant influenza virus-like particles (VLPs) comprised of recombinant structural proteins of human influenza virus type A/Sydney/5/94 (H3N2) and/or avian influenza virus type A/Hong Kong/1073/99 (H9N2) in baculovirus-infected insect cells and their application as a vaccine in the prevention of influenza infections and as a laboratory reagent for virus structural studies and clinical diagnostics.

The present invention relates to influenza vaccine formulations and vaccination regimes for immunising against influenza disease, their use in medicine, in particular their use in augmenting immune responses to various antigens, and to methods of preparation. In particular, the invention relates to multivalent influenza immunogenic compositions comprising an influenza antigen or antigenic preparation thereof from at least two influenza virus strains, at least one strain being associated with a pandemic outbreak or having the potential to be associated with a pandemic outbreak, in combination with an oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant.

The present invention provides a recombinant bacterium and methods of using the recombinant bacterium to induce an immune response.

The invention describes a method and compounds for the prevention and treatment of infections with intracellular organisms, the treatment of tumors, and the prevention of infectious and allergic diseases by vaccination.