Provided are compositions and methods for modifying a plant genome. Methods and compositions are also provided for delivering genome editing components across graft junctions and generating genome modified plants in the presence of a selection agent without integration of a selectable marker gene into the genome. Recombinant DNA constructs for modifying a plant genome and plants comprising the same are further provided.

The present invention provides trans-complementation systems for expressing gene products in plants. In general, the invention provides systems including a carrier vector and a producer vector, both based on plant viruses. The producer vector is defective for at least one function needed for successful systemic infection of a plant, e.g., replication, cell-to-cell movement, or long distance movement. The carrier vector supplies the missing function in trans. Certain producer vectors lack a functional coat protein coding sequence, in which case the corresponding producer vector supplies coat protein in trans. The invention also provides novel plant viral vectors and methods of use, e.g., to produce polypeptides or active RNAs in plants.

A method for simply constructing a two-component virus vector and related applications. The two-component plant viral vector is optimized, so that a two-component virus genome is placed in a single plasmid. Due to the use of the single plasmid, the activation, resuspension and mixing processes of auxiliary bacteria are avoided, the workload of an Agrobacterium experimental stage is simplified by half, the potential cross-contamination risk in the bacteria mixing process is avoided, and the virus infectivity is improved, so that the use of the two-component viral vector is greatly simplified.

A method for simply constructing a two-component virus vector and related applications. The two-component plant viral vector is optimized, so that a two-component virus genome is placed in a single plasmid. Due to the use of the single plasmid, the activation, resuspension and mixing processes of auxiliary bacteria are avoided, the workload of an Agrobacterium experimental stage is simplified by half, the potential cross-contamination risk in the bacteria mixing process is avoided, and the virus infectivity is improved, so that the use of the two-component viral vector is greatly simplified.

The disclosure provides modified plant viruses designed for delivering a nucleotide of interest into mammalian cells. The modified plant viruses include a plant virus nucleotide sequence (e.g. fragment) that is capable of transfecting a mammalian cell when that mammalian cell expresses a receptor for the modified plant virus. Accordingly, the disclosure also provides receptors for the modified plant viruses as well as methods of using the receptor or the modified plant virus and receptor.

Provided are improved methods for gene delivery to plants comprising injecting a polynucleotide, nucleoprotein complex, nanoparticle or plant viral nanoparticle into a stem or a petiole of the plant, thereby in it into the vascular system of the plant.