The invention provides a composition useful to prepare influenza vaccine viruses, e.g., in the absence of helper virus, which includes internal viral segments from an influenza virus vaccine strain or isolate, e.g., one that is safe in humans, for instance, one that does not result in significant disease, and encodes a heterologous antigen.

This disclosure relates to the field of RNA to prevent or treat coronavirus infection. In particular, the present disclosure relates to methods and agents for vaccination against coronavirus infection and inducing effective coronavirus antigen-specific immune responses such as antibody and/or T cell responses. Specifically, in one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to methods comprising administering to a subject RNA encoding a peptide or protein comprising an epitope of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S protein) for inducing an immune response against coronavirus S protein, in particular S protein of SARS-CoV-2, in the subject, i.e., vaccine RNA encoding vaccine antigen.

Immunogenic compositions and methods of their use in eliciting immune responses to coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV-2 are provided.

This disclosure provides compositions and combinations for treating cancer. The compositions or combinations comprise a plant virus and a natural killer (NK) cell agonist.

A method of treating cancer in a subject that includes administering in situ to the cancer of the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a plant virus or plant virus-like particle in combination with administration of an immune checkpoint therapy to the subject.