Various embodiments of a dural elevating and cutting apparatus and methods of use are disclosed herein.

A surgical stapler for stapling the tissue of a patient is disclosed. The surgical stapler comprises a handle, a shaft extending from the handle, and an end effector. The end effector comprises a tissue compression surface, a plurality of staples, and an anvil comprising staple forming pockets, wherein the anvil is movable toward the tissue compression surface during a closing stroke to clamp the patient tissue against and tissue compression surface. The surgical stapler further comprises an anvil closing system configured to move the anvil through the closing stroke, a staple firing system configured to deploy the staples during a staple firing stroke, and means for clamping and holding the patient tissue during the staple firing stroke and moving the end effector relative to the patient tissue after the staple firing stroke.

An instrument configured to attach to a bone anchoring element during surgery includes an elongate portion and an end portion having a first side and an opposite second side, where the elongate portion extends away from the first side, and where an opening is defined at the second side to accommodate at least a portion of a head of the bone anchoring element. The opening of the end portion has a first section sized to permit insertion and removal of the head therethrough, and a second section forming a seat for the head. When the head is held in the seat, the seat prevents removal of the head through the opening, while the head is movable unobstructedly from the second section back towards the first section.

A surgical suturing apparatus includes an end effector including a jaw assembly and a needle assembly. The jaw assembly includes first and second jaws movable between open and closed positions. Each of the first and second jaws includes a tissue facing surface having an elongated rail and a longitudinal row of teeth. Each tooth of the longitudinal rows of teeth of the first and second jaws includes a needle channel extending therethrough. The elongated rails and the longitudinal rows of teeth of the first and second jaws are disposed in opposed relation relative to each other. The needle assembly includes a first needle, a second needle, and a suture coupled to the first and second needles. The first needle is slidable through the needle channels of the first jaw and the second needle is slidable through the needle channels of the second jaw.

An arthroscopic cutting probe includes a shaft assembly having a distal end, a proximal end, and a longitudinal axis. A distal cutting member is rotatably attached at the distal end of the shaft assembly, and at least a portion of an exterior surface of the distal cutting member is electrically insulated. One or more burr elements extend radially outwardly from the electrically insulated portion of the exterior surface of the distal cutting member, wherein the burr element is electrically conductive to form an active electrode.

A surgical instrument comprising an end effector, a firing member, an electric motor, a first lockout, and a control system comprising a second lockout is disclosed. The end effector is configured to support a removable staple cartridge. The firing member is movable toward a distal end of the end effector during a firing motion. The electric motor is configured to drive the firing member during the firing motion. The first lockout is mechanically engageable with the firing member. The control system is configured to prevent delivery of electrical power to the electric motor based on respective states of the first and second lockouts.

A surgical system for control of a surgical mechanical arm, which system comprises: at least one input arm comprising: a first section rotatable about a first section axis; a second section rotatable about a second section axis; a first bendable joint coupling said first and said second sections, where said first section axis and said second section axis are not collinear, for all angles of bending of said first bendable joint; at least one sensor configured to measure movement of one or more of said sections; and circuitry configured to receive a measurement signal from said at least one sensor and to generate a control signal, based on said measurement signal for control of movement of said surgical mechanical arm.

The present disclosure provides a method for controlling a surgical instrument. The method includes connecting a power assembly to a control circuit, wherein the power assembly is configured to provide a source voltage, energizing, by the power assembly, a voltage boost convertor circuit configured to provide a set voltage greater than the source voltage, and energizing, by the voltage boost convertor, one or more voltage convertors configured to provide one or more operating voltages to one or more circuit components.

An electrosurgical device is disclosed. The electrosurgical device includes a cartridge configured to be disposed within an elongate channel of an end effector. The cartridge includes an electrode having a plurality of electrode portions disposed along a longitudinal axis of the cartridge. The electrode is configured to electrically couple to a generator. Each electrode portion of the plurality of electrode portions is configured to deliver an amount of energy to a tissue placed proximate thereto. An amount of energy delivered by a first electrode portion of the plurality of electrode portions differs from an amount of energy delivered by a second electrode portion of the plurality of electrode portions.

The present disclosure provides a method for controlling a surgical instrument. The method includes connecting a power assembly to a control circuit, wherein the power assembly is configured to provide a source voltage, energizing, by the power assembly, a voltage boost convertor circuit configured to provide a set voltage greater than the source voltage, and energizing, by the voltage boost convertor, one or more voltage convertors configured to provide one or more operating voltages to one or more circuit components.