Described herein are compositions of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 constructs and particles that can interfere with or block infection of uninfected cells. The compositions and methods described herein are useful for treatment of SARS-Co V-2 infections. The recombinant SARS-CoV-2 construct cannot replicate by itself, but can replicate in the presence of infective SARS-CoV-2 (e.g., replication competent SARS-CoV-2). Thus, the present application in one aspect provides a recombinant SARS-Co V-2 construct (e.g., SARS-CoV-2 TIP) capable of interfering with SARS-CoV-2 replication, wherein the recombinant SARS-CoV-2 construct cannot replicate by itself, and wherein the recombinant SARS-CoV-2 construct can replicate in the presence of SARS-CoV-2.

The invention provides competitive particles, such as virus-like particles, RNAs and DNAs for the treatment or prevention of viral infections and methods of using such particles for treating or preventing or reducing the risk of viral infections (or symptoms thereof) in a subject, such as a human or animal subject. For example, the method herein is a method of reducing or reducing the establishment of a zoonotic population of a virus in an animal, such as a livestock or wild animal (eg, a bat, camelid or a Pholidota (eg, a pangolin)).

The present disclosure relates to the discovery of compositions and methods for therapeutic immunization for SARS-CoV-2 infections and/or disease(s) associated with expression of Glypican-3 (GPC3), including but not limited to cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods of the disclosure include a method of generating virus like vesicles (VLVs), VLVs comprising SARS-CoV-2 antigens from a high titer VLV producing vector, VLVs comprising GPC3 antigens from a high titer VLV producing vector, methods of treating, ameliorating, and/or preventing SARS-COV-2 infection, methods of inducing a memory T and B cell immune response against SARS-CoV-2 infection in a, methods of treating, ameliorating, and/or preventing GPC3 associated disease, and methods of inducing a memory T and B cell immune response against GPC3 in a subject. Furthermore, the disclosure encompasses a pharmaceutical composition for vaccinating a subject to protect the subject against infection with

Virus-like particles, compositions and antibody detection tests with virus-like particles, and a method of producing virus-like particles are disclosed. The method includes generating a modified viral genome based on a viral genome, wherein a portion of the viral genome is removed to generate the modified viral genome configured to yield virus-like particles that are unable to replicate, and producing one or more virus-like particles using the modified viral genome.