In aspects, the invention provides novel compositions and methods for dominant inhibition of viral infection.

The present invention relates to immunization of hypo-responsive groups of individuals. In particular, the present invention provides methods and compositions for eliciting a potent immune response to hepatitis B virus in individuals in need thereof.

Embodiments include therapeutic peptides for preventing or reducing the transmission of a coronavirus such as SARS-CoV2. Also included are methods of using therapeutic peptides for reducing or preventing transmission of a coronavirus such as SARS-CoV2. The therapeutic peptides can prevent a region of the surface glycoprotein spike on SARS-CoV2 from interacting with angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) of host cells.

A novel treatment regimen is provided for the treatment of autoimmune disorders. Said novel treatment regimen provides for an efficacious treatment of autoimmune disorders with an advantageous safety profile and/or a high quality of life for the patient. Said novel treatment regimen provides for an advantageous benefit-risk ratio for patients endangered by the risk of infections.

Provided are fusion proteins and modified proteins comprising a neutralizing polypeptide and an antibody (e.g., a non-neutralizing antibody) that specifically binds to an epitope in a conserved region of one or more coronavirus spike proteins. The fusion proteins and modified proteins are able to specifically bind to and neutralize a broad spectrum of coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and all known SARS-COV-2 variants of concern (e.g., the Delta and Omicron variants). Also provided are various compositions of such proteins, methods of their use, nucleic acids encoding such proteins or domains thereof, constructs, expression cassettes, and vectors containing such nucleic acids, and host cells capable of expressing these proteins or domains thereof. Additionally provided are prophylactic and therapeutic methods employing the fusion proteins and/or modified proteins of the disclosure.

The present invention relates to an extracellular vesicle including a coronavirus-derived antigen protein or a gene encoding the protein, and a use of the extracellular vesicle. According to the present invention, when mice are immunized by administering an activated immune cell-derived extracellular vesicle loaded with an antigen protein or mRNA, excellent antigen-specific neutralizing antibody production and T cell response induction effects are confirmed. When the extracellular vesicle is stored under room-temperature and refrigerated conditions after freeze-drying, high stability and an excellent antibody production effect are experimentally confirmed. From these results, the extracellular vesicle according to the present invention or a vaccine composition including the same may serve as a platform applicable to various diseases with an excellent antigen-specific immune response induction effect and excellent stability, and thus is expected to be effectively used for the development of vaccines for preventing or treating various diseases including infectious diseases, particularly coronavirus infections.

The present disclosure provides T-cell modulatory multimeric polypeptides (TMMPs) that comprise (i) an optional immunomodulatory polypeptide such as a variant IL-2 polypeptide, (ii) class I HLA major histocompatibility complex (MHC) polypeptides (a class I HLA heavy chain polypeptide and a ?2 microglobulin polypeptide), (iii) a peptide that presents an epitope to a T-cell receptor, which together with the class I MHC polypeptides forms a peptide-MHC complex (pMHC), (iv) a tumor-targeting polypeptide, and (v) an optional Ig Fc polypeptide or other scaffold. Such TMMP is useful for modulating the activity of a T cell, and for modulating an immune response in an individual, and for redirecting a patient's repertoire of antiviral T cells to attack and kill cancer cells.

Provided is a peptide capable of binding to a receptor binding domain (RBD) in SARS-CoV-2. chemically synthesized easily, having extremely high solubility to ultra-pure water or a buffer solution and a high possibility of being put to practical use as a therapeutic drug for COVID-19.

A novel treatment regimen is provided for the treatment of autoimmune disorders. Said novel treatment regimen provides for an efficacious treatment of autoimmune disorders with an advantageous safety profile and/or a high quality of life for the patient. Said novel treatment regimen provides for an advantageous benefit-risk ratio for patients endangered by the risk of infections.

The present invention relates to immunization of hypo-responsive groups of individuals. In particular, the present invention provides methods and compositions for eliciting a potent immune response to hepatitis B virus in individuals in need thereof.