Described herein are systems and apparatus of surgical instruments engineered for integration with robotic surgical systems to enhance precision in surgical procedures. Also described herein are methods of using such surgical instruments in performing surgical procedures. The use of such surgical instruments reduce complications arising from misalignment during surgery. The disclosed technology assists in stages of a surgical procedure that require a precise trajectory to be followed. Surgical instrument guides are attached to a universal surgical instrument guide, which is engineered to attach directly or indirectly with a robotic arm of a robotic surgical system. Surgical instruments can then be precisely guided along an axis defined by the universal surgical instrument guide. Individual instruments are easily inserted and removed from the channel of the universal surgical instrument guide, thus allowing a range of instruments to be used throughout a procedure while maintaining the surgical trajectory.

A surgical tool for use with a robotic system that includes a tool drive assembly that is operatively coupled to a control unit of the robotic system that is operable by inputs from an operator and is configured to robotically-generate output motions. A drive system is configured to interface with a corresponding portion of the tool drive assembly for receiving the robotically-generated output motions and applying the output motions to a drive shaft assembly which is configured to apply control motions to a surgical end effector operably coupled thereto. A manually-actuatable control system operably interfaces with the drive shaft assembly to facilitate the selective application of manually-generated control motions to the drive shaft assembly.

A method for adjusting the operation of a surgical instrument using machine learning in a surgical suite is disclosed.

A powered surgical instrument comprising a housing, an elongate shaft, an articulation joint, a rotary drive member configured to rotate in response to rotary motion from an electric motor, a coupling portion, and a stapling attachment releasably attachable to the coupling portion is disclosed. The stapling attachment is secured to the coupling portion by rotating one of the stapling attachment and the coupling portion relative to the other of the stapling attachment and the coupling portion. The stapling attachment comprises an elongate channel configured to receive a staple cartridge. The stapling attachment further comprises an anvil, a drive screw, and a firing member operably engaged with the drive screw. The coupling portion operably couples the rotary drive member and the drive screw when the stapling attachment is attached to the elongate shaft. The firing member is advanced distally within the stapling attachment when the drive screw is rotated.

A coupler can connect one or more instruments to a robotic surgical arm. The coupler can include a base and an actuator. The base can be securable to the robotic surgical arm. The actuator can be operable to release or secure the stem to the base and the robotic surgical arm.

Bearing assemblies for selectively coupling to surgical instruments are disclosed. In one embodiment, a bearing assembly can include a housing with a cavity, a first race in the cavity that translates but does not rotate relative to the housing, bearing elements disposed in the first race that move radially in and out of a central passage of the first race, and a second race that is fixed in the cavity. The first race can be biased toward an opening of the cavity, the second race can surround the first race with an inner surface having a tapered diameter configured to contact the bearing elements as the first race moves distally relative to the second race and urge the plurality of bearing elements radially inward to selectively lock the bearing assembly to a surgical instrument disposed within the central passage of the first race.

A surgical instrument is disclosed comprising an end effector including a first jaw and a second jaw, wherein the first jaw is rotatable relative to the second jaw, and a closure system configured to close the first jaw during a closure stroke. The surgical instrument further comprises an articulation joint rotatably connecting the end effector to the shaft, an articulation system configured to articulate the end effector relative to the shaft, and a firing system operably engaged with the electric motor, wherein the firing member is configured to move through the end effector during a firing stroke. The surgical instrument further comprises a first rotatable member configured to selectively synchronize the motion of the firing system with the motion of the articulation system and a second rotatable member operably engageable with the articulation system, wherein the closure system is configured to stop the rotation of the second rotatable member.

A surgical cutting and fastening instrument comprises an end effector that has a shaft coupled thereto that is coupled to a robotic system. A tool mounting portion includes an electric, DC motor connected to a drive train in the shaft for powering the drive train. A power pack that comprises at least one charge-accumulating device connected to the DC motor for powering the DC motor is provided.

The invention provides a dual-purpose handle, comprising a body, wherein mounting holes are provided in the body and are used for connecting to functional members; the mounting holes are provided in the body in both an axial direction and a radial direction; axial and radial mounting holes provided in the body can enable the handle and the functional members to easily and quickly switch between two connection forms, i.e. straight and T-shaped; and torsional torques that are different in magnitude can be output by means of different connection manners under the action of the same operation force. Clamping devices fitted with the functional members are arranged in the mounting holes; and when the functional members are connected to the handle, the clamping devices can fix the functional members and prevent same from rotating in a cavity of the body of the handle. The axial and radial holes of the handle are configured to be through holes, so that the handle can be adapted to guide needles of different sizes passing through same and is suitable for minimally invasive surgery, thereby further expanding the range of use of the handle.

An apparatus for releasably holding a surgical tool having a body, the body having a longitudinal axis, a monolithic construction, and a shape apportioned to be grasped by a human hand, with body further having a tool engaging portion, a hand receiving portion, and a button pressing portion. A longitudinal bore is disposed along the longitudinal axis of the body, and on one end. A transverse bore is disposed through the body into the longitudinal bore, with the transverse bore disposed such that the longitudinal axis of the transverse bore intersects the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal bore. A button disposed on and pivotably attached at a resilient member to the button pressing portion of the exterior of the body, with the button being proximal to the tool engaging portion. The button has a button bore and a boss extending from the button bore into the transverse bore which is alignable with the longitudinal bore. The button is disposed on the body to be thumb pressable, the button suitable for selectively engaging a corresponding groove on surgical tool.