Methods for the preparation of bio-based malonic acid and diester derivatives of malonic acid are provided. For example, a dialkyl malonate may be prepared by the steps of (i) separating calcium malonate crystals from a fermentation broth; (ii) obtaining dissolved malonic acid; (iii) crystallizing the dissolved malonic acid; and (iv) performing esterification to obtain the dialkyl malonate. The disclosed methods produce diester derivatives of malonic acid with fewer impurities, which is useful for many industrial processes. The diester derivatives of malonic acid can be purified from existing sources of malonic acid, or from malonic acid made from a renewable carbon source.

Methods for the preparation of bio-based malonic acid and diester derivatives of malonic acid are provided. For example, a dialkyl malonate may be prepared by the steps of (i) separating calcium malonate crystals from a fermentation broth; (ii) obtaining dissolved malonic acid; (iii) crystallizing the dissolved malonic acid; and (iv) performing esterification to obtain the dialkyl malonate. The disclosed methods produce diester derivatives of malonic acid with fewer impurities, which is useful for many industrial processes. The diester derivatives of malonic acid can be purified from existing sources of malonic acid, or from malonic acid made from a renewable carbon source.

Methods and materials for the production of compounds involved in the TCA cycle, and/or derivatives thereof and/or compounds related thereto are provided. Also provided are products produced in accordance with these methods and materials.

Methods and materials for the production of compounds involved in the TCA cycle, and/or derivatives thereof and/or compounds related thereto are provided. Also provided are products produced in accordance with these methods and materials.

The present invention provides a resin capable of contributing greatly to solve environmental problems and problems related to exhaustion of fossil fuel resources and having physical properties suited for practical use.

The polyester according to the present invention has a diol and a dicarboxylic acid as constituent components and has an amount of terminal acid of 50 equivalents/metric ton or less.

The present invention provides an acid-tolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain and use thereof. By using exogenously added malic acid as a stress, an acid-tolerant mutant S. cerevisiae strain MTPfo-4 is obtained by directed evolution screening in the laboratory, which tolerates a minimum pH of 2.44. The mutant strain MTPfo-4, tolerant to multiple organic acids, has an increased tolerance to exogenous malic acid of up to 86.6 g/L. The mutant strain MTPfo-4 obtained is further identified. The mutant strain grows stably and well, and can tolerate a variety of organic acids (lactic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, gluconic acid, and tartaric acid). It also has a strong tolerance to inorganic acids (HCl and H.sub.3PO.sub.4). This is difficult to achieve in the existing research and reports of S. cerevisiae. The strain is intended to be used as an acid-tolerant chassis cell factory for producing various short-chain organic acids.

The present invention provides an acid-tolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain and use thereof. By using exogenously added malic acid as a stress, an acid-tolerant mutant S. cerevisiae strain MTPfo-4 is obtained by directed evolution screening in the laboratory, which tolerates a minimum pH of 2.44. The mutant strain MTPfo-4, tolerant to multiple organic acids, has an increased tolerance to exogenous malic acid of up to 86.6 g/L. The mutant strain MTPfo-4 obtained is further identified. The mutant strain grows stably and well, and can tolerate a variety of organic acids (lactic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, gluconic acid, and tartaric acid). It also has a strong tolerance to inorganic acids (HCl and H.sub.3PO.sub.4). This is difficult to achieve in the existing research and reports of S. cerevisiae. The strain is intended to be used as an acid-tolerant chassis cell factory for producing various short-chain organic acids.

Disclosed are a mutant microorganism for producing succinic acid exhibiting improved activity of conversion of oxaloacetate to malate through the introduction of genes encoding a malate dehydrogenase, wherein an amino acid residue that interacts with a pyrophosphate moiety of NADH through an amide functional group of a main chain of malate dehydrogenase is glutamine (Gln), and a method of producing succinic acid using the same. The mutant microorganism producing succinic acid according to the present invention is capable of producing a high concentration of succinic acid at the highest productivity compared to other mutant microorganisms reported to date when the microorganism is cultured in a limited medium. In addition, the mutant microorganism is capable of producing succinic acid at higher productivity and product concentration through further advanced fermentation technology.

Disclosed are a mutant microorganism for producing succinic acid exhibiting improved activity of conversion of oxaloacetate to malate through the introduction of genes encoding a malate dehydrogenase, wherein an amino acid residue that interacts with a pyrophosphate moiety of NADH through an amide functional group of a main chain of malate dehydrogenase is glutamine (Gln), and a method of producing succinic acid using the same. The mutant microorganism producing succinic acid according to the present invention is capable of producing a high concentration of succinic acid at the highest productivity compared to other mutant microorganisms reported to date when the microorganism is cultured in a limited medium. In addition, the mutant microorganism is capable of producing succinic acid at higher productivity and product concentration through further advanced fermentation technology.

The present invention relates to a process for the production of one or more fermentation product from a sugar composition, comprising the following steps: a) fermentation of the sugar composition in the presence of a yeast belonging to the genera Saccharomyces, Kluyveromyces, Candida, Pichia, Schizosaccharomyces, Hansenula, Kloeckera, Schwanniomyces or Yarrowia: and b) recovery of the fermentation product,
wherein the yeast comprises the genes araA, araB and araD and the sugar composition comprises glucose, galactose and arabinose.