The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a fermentation product from ligno-cellulosic material, comprising the following steps: a) optionally pre-treatment of the ligno-cellulosic material; b) optionally washing of the optionally pre-treated ligno-cellulosic material; c) enzymatic hydrolysis of the optionally washed and/or optionally pre-treated ligno-cellulosic material using an enzyme composition comprising at least two cellulase and whereby the enzyme composition at least comprises GH61; d) whereby less than 7.5 mg enzyme composition/g glucan (on dry matter and enzyme as protein) or less than 3.0 mg enzyme composition/g feedstock (on dry matter and enzyme as protein) is used; and e) fermentation of the hydrolysed ligno-cellulosic material to produce a fermentation product; and f) optionally recovery of a fermentation product;
wherein before and/or during the enzymatic hydrolysis oxygen is added to the ligno-cellulosic material.

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a fermentation product from ligno-cellulosic material, comprising the following steps: a) optionally pre-treatment of the ligno-cellulosic material; b) optionally washing of the optionally pre-treated ligno-cellulosic material; c) enzymatic hydrolysis of the optionally washed and/or optionally pre-treated ligno-cellulosic material using an enzyme composition comprising at least two cellulase and whereby the enzyme composition at least comprises GH61; d) whereby less than 7.5 mg enzyme composition/g glucan (on dry matter and enzyme as protein) or less than 3.0 mg enzyme composition/g feedstock (on dry matter and enzyme as protein) is used; and e) fermentation of the hydrolysed ligno-cellulosic material to produce a fermentation product; and f) optionally recovery of a fermentation product;
wherein before and/or during the enzymatic hydrolysis oxygen is added to the ligno-cellulosic material.

Disclosed is an Aspergillus niger seed continuous culture method, comprising the steps of: (1) at a startup stage, Aspergillus niger spores are inoculated into a seed culture medium to obtain a seed liquid; (2) at a seed continuous culture stage, continuous dispersion treatment is performed on the seed liquid obtained in step (1), continuous culture is performed on the seed liquid obtained by dispersion, and meanwhile, a fresh seed feed medium is replenished; and (3) at a stop stage, the replenishment of the fresh seed feed medium and the dispersion treatment are stopped, continuous culture is performed to obtain a seed liquid, and then the seed liquid is transferred into the fermentation medium for fermentation culture. The method according to the present invention makes breakthrough to solve problems that multi-cellular filamentous bacteria grow slowly and mycelium pellets are easy to lose in continuous culture, thus fully achieving seed continuous culture.

Disclosed is an Aspergillus niger seed continuous culture method, comprising the steps of: (1) at a startup stage, Aspergillus niger spores are inoculated into a seed culture medium to obtain a seed liquid; (2) at a seed continuous culture stage, continuous dispersion treatment is performed on the seed liquid obtained in step (1), continuous culture is performed on the seed liquid obtained by dispersion, and meanwhile, a fresh seed feed medium is replenished; and (3) at a stop stage, the replenishment of the fresh seed feed medium and the dispersion treatment are stopped, continuous culture is performed to obtain a seed liquid, and then the seed liquid is transferred into the fermentation medium for fermentation culture. The method according to the present invention makes breakthrough to solve problems that multi-cellular filamentous bacteria grow slowly and mycelium pellets are easy to lose in continuous culture, thus fully achieving seed continuous culture.

Recombinant cells expressing membrane transport proteins are provided, along with methods for their use in various applications. These applications include, without limitation, industrial biotechnology and the reproduction/emulation of biochemical pathways or components thereof (e.g. photosynthetic pathways or components thereof). The recombinant cells may be provided as a component of a transgenic organism (e.g. a transgenic plant).

This document describes biochemical pathways for producing 7-aminoheptanoic acid using a β-ketoacyl synthase or a β-ketothiolase to form an N-acetyl-5-amino-3-oxopentanoyl-CoA intermediate. 7-aminoheptanoic acid can be enzymatically converted to pimelic acid, 7-hydroxyheptanoic acid, heptamethylenediamine or 1,7-heptanediol or corresponding salts thereof. This document also describes recombinant microorganisms producing 7-aminoheptanoic acid as well as pimelic acid, 7-hydroxyheptanoic acid, heptamethylenediamine and 1,7-heptanediol or corresponding salts thereof.

This document describes biochemical pathways for producing 7-aminoheptanoic acid using a β-ketoacyl synthase or a β-ketothiolase to form an N-acetyl-5-amino-3-oxopentanoyl-CoA intermediate. 7-aminoheptanoic acid can be enzymatically converted to pimelic acid, 7-hydroxyheptanoic acid, heptamethylenediamine or 1,7-heptanediol or corresponding salts thereof. This document also describes recombinant microorganisms producing 7-aminoheptanoic acid as well as pimelic acid, 7-hydroxyheptanoic acid, heptamethylenediamine and 1,7-heptanediol or corresponding salts thereof.

A Lactobacillus paracasei and uses thereof. The Lactobacillus paracasei has a deposit number of CGMCC No. 14813. The Lactobacillus paracasei can be used for increasing the amount of an organic acid in a raw material. The Lactobacillus paracasei can be used for fermenting the raw material, where the raw material can be selected from at least one of fruits, which can increase the content of the organic acid in a fermented product.

A Lactobacillus paracasei and uses thereof. The Lactobacillus paracasei has a deposit number of CGMCC No. 14813. The Lactobacillus paracasei can be used for increasing the amount of an organic acid in a raw material. The Lactobacillus paracasei can be used for fermenting the raw material, where the raw material can be selected from at least one of fruits, which can increase the content of the organic acid in a fermented product.

A fermentation product manufacturing process includes fermenting under fermentation conditions in an aqueous fermentation medium in a fermentation reactor a carbohydrate source with a microorganism capable of converting the carbohydrate into a fermentation product which is a salt or a product with a boiling point above the boiling point of water, during the process withdrawing part of the medium including biomass from the reactor in the form of a recycle stream, providing the stream including biomass to a pressure vessel wherein the pressure is such that the temperature of the stream decreases 1-8° C., as compared to the temperature of the medium in the reactor, by the evaporation of water, and recycling the cooled recycle stream to the reactor. The process makes it possible to obtain a homogeneous temperature profile of the fermentation medium with limited occurrence of hot or cool spots within the reactor which results in improved fermentation performance.