An apparatus has a device representing an endoscope, the device being either an endoscope or a dummy endoscope having shape and feel resembling an endoscope, and includes a tracker adapted to operate with a three-dimensional tracking system to track location and orientation of the device in three dimensions in a simulated operating-room environment. The apparatus also has a physical head model comprising hard and soft components, the device representing an endoscope configured to be inserted into the physical head model to provide a haptic feedback of endoscopic surgery.

An apparatus has a device representing an endoscope, the device being either an endoscope or a dummy endoscope having shape and feel resembling an endoscope, and includes a tracker adapted to operate with a three-dimensional tracking system to track location and orientation of the device in three dimensions in a simulated operating-room environment. The apparatus also has a physical head model comprising hard and soft components, the device representing an endoscope configured to be inserted into the physical head model to provide a haptic feedback of endoscopic surgery.

A device includes an annular, elastic band having a rectangular cross section. A foil band is affixed to a surface of the elastic band. A contiguous fabric sheath is configured to encase the elastic band and foil band.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to systems, devices and methods for performing a surgical step or surgical procedure with visual guidance using an optical head mounted display. Aspects of the present disclosure relate to systems, devices and methods for displaying, placing, fitting, sizing, selecting, aligning, moving a virtual implant on a physical anatomic structure of a patient and, optionally, modifying or changing the displaying, placing, fitting, sizing, selecting, aligning, moving, for example based on kinematic information.

The present embodiments herein relate to an improved needle design and control methodology for fractured directed guiding to a desired target. This system has the capability to control the insertion not only in 2D-plane, but also in 3D-space in a very controlled manner. A method of controlling the path of movement of a needle structure toward a target can include a stylet type of needle configuration or a water-jet needle configuration.

Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and software for providing a virtual environment with enhanced visual textures and haptic detail. In some embodiments, a texture atlas and UV mapping is used to render virtual objects having multiple textures that can be manipulated in real time. In some cases, UV coordinates are used to provide enhanced haptic detail.

A heart model is retained in a container for a catheter simulator. The container includes an accommodating unit for accommodating a liquid, having side walls and a bottom surface, a connection unit attached to one of the side walls and retaining the heart model, and an installation part provided on one of the side walls. The installation part is configured to insert a catheter from an outside of the container into the simulated blood vessel of the heart model. The connection unit includes a holding protrusion protruding inside the accommodating unit, and a communicating hole. A front end of the holding protrusion is open so that the heart model is detachable from and reattachable to the holding protrusion by inserting and extracting a terminal of the heart model.

The pimple-popping simulator is an apparatus that allows a user to practice popping pimples without directly popping a real pimple. The apparatus includes a pliable body, at least one channel, and a quantity of discharge-like filling. The pliable body mirrors supple skin. The at least one channel mirrors a pore. The quantity of discharge-like filling represents the dead skin cells, oils, and bacteria clogged within the pore. The at least one channel further includes a first edge, a second edge, a lateral wall, and a reservoir. The first edge defines a main opening. The second edge prevents the quantity of discharge-like filling from escaping unless the proper force is applied. The lateral wall defines an exit for the quantity of discharge-like filling. The lateral wall preferably tapers from the second edge to the first edge, thereby mirroring the popping of pus of a pimple as a result of pressure.

A preoperative surgical planning system uses a head-mounted device to execute a preoperative surgical simulation whereby a virtual tool and a virtual anatomical model are provided on the display of the head-mounted device. The virtual tool is tracked relative to the virtual anatomical model in the preoperative surgical simulation in which the virtual tool is moveable in response to receipt of a control input from the wearer of the head-mounted device and wherein the virtual tool is configured to remove a portion of the virtual anatomical model. A planning parameter is automatically generated based on tracking of the virtual tool relative to the virtual anatomical model in the preoperative surgical simulation. The generated planning parameter is stored for future retrieval by a surgical system to facilitate intraoperative surgery based on the generated planning parameter.

The technology provides a system and method for simulating and detecting bio signals such as brain bio-signals. The technology can be used for medical or non-medical purposes, for instance to simulate or evaluate certain medical conditions using a physical brain-type phantom body. A set of optical fibers provides modulated signals received from an optical signal modulator, which is managed by a controller to generate repeatable signals with high fidelity. The modulated signals are received by a set of emission elements such as photoreceivers or other optical electrodes disposed within or otherwise about the phantom body. The emission elements output electrical signals corresponding to the input modulated optical signals. The electrical signals are detected by a set of sensors. The sensors are coupled to a receiver device that is able to evaluate the electrical signals, such as for an electroencephalograph (EEG), electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyogram (EMG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG) diagnostic system.