Among other things, the present disclosure is related to devices and methods of performing biological and chemical assays, such as but not limited to immunoassays and nucleic assay acid, particularly a homogeneous assay that does not use a wash step and that is fast (e.g., 60 seconds from dropping a sample to displaying results). The present disclosure is related to both competitive and non-competitive homogeneous assays.

The present disclosure describes various improved methods for imaging at least one target in a sample, including methods employing an adapter strand oligonucleotide and a bridge strand oligonucleotide. Some methods also employ bouncer oligonucleotides and/or blocker oligonucleotides. Some methods also use two partial docking strands to detect proximity of the partial docking strands to each other.

The present disclosure describes various improved methods for imaging at least one target in a sample, including methods employing an adapter strand oligonucleotide and a bridge strand oligonucleotide. Some methods also employ bouncer oligonucleotides and/or blocker oligonucleotides. Some methods also use two partial docking strands to detect proximity of the partial docking strands to each other.

Sequential assembly of oligonucleotide hairpins is used to create oligonucleotides that encode a specific sequence of arbitrary information. Each oligonucleotide hairpin includes a payload region in the loop region of the hairpin. The payload region encodes arbitrary information such as a binary digit. Overhang regions on the oligonucleotide hairpins hybridize to anchor strands attached to a substrate. The hybridized oligonucleotide hairpins are covalently attached to the anchor strands by ligase. Invading strands are used to open the hairpin structures by also hybridizing to the anchor strand and displacing the double-stranded stem region of the hairpin. This process is repeated with another oligonucleotide hairpin that hybridizes to the end of the previously added oligonucleotide hairpin. A microelectrode array may be used to control the location of hybridization and create multiple different oligonucleotides in parallel. Fully assembled oligonucleotides may be separated from the substrate and stored or otherwise processed.

Sequential assembly of oligonucleotide hairpins is used to create oligonucleotides that encode a specific sequence of arbitrary information. Each oligonucleotide hairpin includes a payload region in the loop region of the hairpin. The payload region encodes arbitrary information such as a binary digit. Overhang regions on the oligonucleotide hairpins hybridize to anchor strands attached to a substrate. The hybridized oligonucleotide hairpins are covalently attached to the anchor strands by ligase. Invading strands are used to open the hairpin structures by also hybridizing to the anchor strand and displacing the double-stranded stem region of the hairpin. This process is repeated with another oligonucleotide hairpin that hybridizes to the end of the previously added oligonucleotide hairpin. A microelectrode array may be used to control the location of hybridization and create multiple different oligonucleotides in parallel. Fully assembled oligonucleotides may be separated from the substrate and stored or otherwise processed.

Among other things, the present disclosure is related to devices and methods of performing biological and chemical assays, such as but not limited to immunoassays and nucleic assay acid, particularly a homogeneous assay that does not use a wash step and that is fast (e.g., 60 seconds from dropping a sample to displaying results). The present disclosure is related to both competitive and non-competitive homogeneous assays.

Among other things, the present disclosure is related to devices and methods of performing biological and chemical assays, such as but not limited to immunoassays and nucleic assay acid, particularly a homogeneous assay that does not use a wash step and that is fast (e.g., 60 seconds from dropping a sample to displaying results). The present disclosure is related to both competitive and non-competitive homogeneous assays.

The present application provides methods for detecting a nucleic acid molecule involving the use of a signal code sequence which corresponds to said nucleic acid molecule and a plurality of labelled detection probes which yield signals which make up the signal code sequence. In particular, the invention provides a sequential barcoding and decoding scheme which utilises a sequencing-by-hybridisation (SBH) strategy to sequence and decode a nucleotide barcode sequence, and to differentiate the nucleotide barcode sequence from other nucleotide barcode sequences. In an extension of the method, the application also provides a new coding scheme for providing a target nucleic acid with a detectable “colour” (or similar signal)-based code.

The present application provides methods for detecting a nucleic acid molecule involving the use of a signal code sequence which corresponds to said nucleic acid molecule and a plurality of labelled detection probes which yield signals which make up the signal code sequence. In particular, the invention provides a sequential barcoding and decoding scheme which utilises a sequencing-by-hybridisation (SBH) strategy to sequence and decode a nucleotide barcode sequence, and to differentiate the nucleotide barcode sequence from other nucleotide barcode sequences. In an extension of the method, the application also provides a new coding scheme for providing a target nucleic acid with a detectable “colour” (or similar signal)-based code.

The present invention provides a complex of LNA probe and graphene oxide, and a nucleic acid detection method using the same. In the present invention, LNA-containing molecular beacon is conjugated through covalent bonding with graphene oxide, a single strand of the molecular beacon binds to a target nucleic acid to form a complex, and the complex is separated from graphene oxide to induce a fluorescence signal. The molecular beacon and graphene oxide can be covalently bonded to minimize non-specific signals, and a LNA-added molecular beacon is designed in a double strand to detect a very low concentration of target nucleic acid with high sensitivity, as well as a fluorescent signal, and the multiple target nucleic acids can be detected simultaneously through diversification of the fluorescent signal to enable easy and accurate detection of a nucleic acid biomarker whose specific expression level is specifically changed according to diseases and disease progression.