Provided is a grain oriented electrical steel sheet including a base metal steel sheet, an intermediate layer and an insulation coating, wherein: the intermediate layer is an oxide film; an average thickness of the oxide film is 2-500 nm; the insulation coating is a phosphate coating; an average thickness of the insulation coating is 0.1-10 ?m. When grazing incidence X-ray diffraction is performed on the phosphate coating using a Co-K? excitation source, the X-ray diffraction pattern has a diffraction peak originating from cristobalite-type aluminum phosphate at a diffraction angle of 2?=24.8?; a half value width FWHM.sub.0.5 of the diffraction peak under a diffraction condition with an X-ray incident angle ?=0.5? and a half value width FWHM.sub.1.0 of the diffraction peak under a diffraction condition with an X-ray incident angle ?=1.0? satisfy 0.20??FWHM.sub.0.5?2.00?, 0.20??FWHM.sub.1.0?2.00?, and 0??|F.WHM.sub.0.5?FWHM.sub.1.0|?1.00?.

A method is provided for producing a high-strength galvanized steel sheet having a microstructure that contains martensite in an area proportion of 20% or more and 60% or less and ferrite in an area proportion of 40% or more and 80% or less includes, in sequence, hot-rolling a steel slab containing a specific component composition, performing cold rolling, performing primary annealing, performing pickling, performing secondary annealing, and performing galvanizing treatment, in which in the primary annealing, heating is performed at an average heating rate of 0.1 C./sec. or more and less than 3 C./sec. in the temperature range of 600 C. to 750 C., an annealing temperature of 750 C. to 850 C. is maintained for 10 to 500 seconds, and then cooling is performed from the annealing temperature range to a cooling stop temperature of 600 C. or lower at an average cooling rate of 1 to 15 C./sec, in which in the pickling, the pickling weight loss of the steel sheet is 0.05 to 5 g/m.sup.2 in terms of Fe, in which in the secondary annealing, an annealing temperature of 750 C. to 850 C. is maintained for 10 to 500 seconds, and then cooling is performed from the annealing temperature at an average cooling rate of 1 to 15 C./s, and in which after the galvanizing treatment, cooling is performed at an average cooling rate of 5 to 100 C./sec.

A cold-rolled flat steel product may have a yield strength Rp0.2 of not more than 320 MPa, a fracture elongation A80 of at least 20% and a microstructure having by percent area 62%-82% ferrite, 10%-30% martensite, 1.5%-8% residual austenite, and a sum total of not more than 10% other microstructure constituents. The flat steel product may comprise a steel alloy containing in percent by weight 0.06%-0.1% C; 0.15%-0.4% Si; 1.5%-2% Mn; 0.2%-0.5% Cr; not more than 0.1% Al; wherein the sum total of C, Si, Mn, and Cr is at least 2.3% and not more than 2.8%; wherein the sum total of Si and Al is not more than 0.4%; not more than 0.03% P; not more than 0.006% S; not more than 0.008% N; unavoidable impurities including not more than 0.0006% B, not more than 0.02% V, and not more than 0.01% each of Nb and Ti, and not more than 0.1% each of Mo, Ni, and Cu; as well as iron. For production of such a flat steel product, a cold-rolled flat steel product may first be produced and then brought to 760-860 C. in a continuous run and kept at that temperature over an annealing period Gt for which, depending on the thickness D of the flat steel product, GtuGtGto with
Gtu [s]=3.56*D.sup.2 [s/mm.sup.2]5.1*D [s/mm]+9.8 s
Gto [s]=21.4*D.sup.2 [s/mm.sup.2]+132.8*D [s/mm]+47 s.

In a process for producing a cold- or hot-rolled steel strip from an ultrahigh-strength multiphase steel having a particular composition the required multiphase microstructure is generated during continuous heat treatment. The cold- or hot-rolled steel strip is heated in the continuous heat treatment furnace to a temperature in the range from 700 to 950 C. and the heat-treated steel strip is subsequently cooled from the heat treatment temperature at a cooling rate of from 15 to 100 C./s to a first intermediate temperature of from 300 to 500 C. followed by cooling at a cooling rate of from 15 to 100 C./s to a second intermediate temperature of from 200 to 250 C.; the steel strip is subsequently cooled at a cooling rate of from 2 to 30 C./s in air to room temperature or the cooling at a cooling rate of from 15 to 100 C./s is maintained from the first intermediate temperature to room temperature.

Provided are a method of manufacturing an electrically heated steel sheet to protect incline of a coating layer and a steel sheet manufactured by the method. The steel sheet may include an Al-based coating layer including an aluminum-iron intermetallic compound through heat treatment before electrically heating the steel sheet i during a hot forming process such that incline of the coating layer in the electrical heating can be prevented. In particular, the method may include: heat-treating a steel sheet; electrical heating the heat-treated steel sheet; pressing and forming the heated steel sheet; and cooling the formed steel sheet.

A method for manufacturing a sheet metal component including: annealing a flat steel product comprising 0.05-0.5% C, 0.5-3% Mn, 0.06-1.7% Si, ?0.06% P, ?0.01% S, ?1.0% Al, ?0.15% Ti, ?0.6% Nb, ?0.01% B, ?1.0% Cr, ?1.0% Mo, ?1.0% Cr+Mo, ?0.2% Ca, ?0.1% V, remainder iron and impurities in a continuous furnace under an atmosphere consisting of 0.1-15% hydrogen and remainder nitrogen with a specific dew point and temperature profile; applying a coating consisting of <15% Si, ?5% Fe, in total 0.1-5% of at least one alkaline earth or transition metal and a remainder Al and unavoidable impurities; heating the flat steel product to >Ac3 and ?1000? C. for a time sufficient to introduce a heat energy quantity >100,000-800,000 kJs; hot-forming the flat steel product to form the component; and cooling at least one section of the component at a cooling rate sufficient to generate hardening structures.

Provided is a method for manufacturing an HPF part having excellent bending properties including: manufacturing a hot rolled steel sheet; coiling the hot rolled steel sheet within a range of 450 C. to 750 C. for a time satisfying Expression 1; cold rolling, annealing and then hot dip aluminum plating on the annealed steel sheet; heating the hot dip aluminum plated steel sheet to a temperature of 850 C. to 1000 C. and maintaining the hot dip aluminum plated steel sheet for a certain period of time; and hot forming the heated steel and cooling at a temperature within a range of 200 C. or lower at a cooling speed of 20 C./s to 1000 C./s at the same time to manufacture an HPF part, [Expression 1] 190,000[coiling temperature (CT)Time (min)]/2350,000, in the Relational Expression 1, Time refers to a time taken to reach 200 C. from coiling temperature.

A steel foil for a power storage device container includes a rolled steel foil, a nickel layer formed on a surface of the rolled steel foil, and a chromium-based surface treatment layer formed on a surface of the nickel layer. The nickel layer includes an upper layer portion which is in contact with the chromium-based surface treatment layer and contains Ni of 90 mass % or more among metal elements, and a lower layer portion which is in contact with the rolled steel foil and contains Ni of less than 90 mass % among the metal elements and Fe. <111> polar density in a reverse pole figure of the nickel layer in a rolling direction is 3.0 to 6.0. The nickel layer has a sub-boundary which is a boundary between two crystals having a relative orientation difference of 2 to 5, and a large angle boundary which is a boundary between two crystals having the relative orientation difference of equal to or more than 15. The average value of a ratio L5/L15 between a boundary length L5 which is the length of the sub-boundary, and a boundary length L15 which is the length of the large angle boundary, is equal to or more than 1.0.

in an aluminium-based coating for steel sheets or steel strips, the coating includes an aluminium-based coat applied in a hot-dip coating method, a covering layer containing aluminium oxide and/or hydroxide being arranged on the coat. The covering layer is produced by plasma oxidation and/or hot water treatment at temperatures of at least 90 C., advantageously at least 95 C., and/or steam treatment at temperatures of at least 90 C., advantageously at least 95 C. Alternatively, the covering layer containing aluminium oxide and/or hydroxide can be produced by anodic oxidation, the coat being produced in a molten bath with a Si content of between 8 and 12 wt. %, and an Fe content of between 1 and 4 wt. %, the remainder being aluminium.

A method of manufacturing a galvanized steel sheet having a composition containing, by mass %, C: 0.05% or more and 0.5% or less, Si: 0.01% or more and 2.5% or less, Mn: 0.5% or more and 3.5% or less, P: 0.003% or more and 0.100% or less, S: 0.02% or less, Al: 0.010% or more and 0.5% or less, B: 0.0002% or more and 0.005% or less, Ti: 0.05% or less, a relationship of Ti>4N being satisfied, and the balance comprising Fe and inevitable impurities, and a microstructure containing 60% or more and 95% or less of tempered martensite in terms of area ratio and 5% or more and 20% or less of retained austenite in terms of area ratio.