Methods for the treatment of metallic particles such as heavy metal particles and objects contaminated with the metallic particles. For the treatment of objects contaminated with the metallic particles, a stabilizing composition may be applied to the object with or without a fixation agent. For the treatment of free-flowing metallic particles, an agglomeration agent may be used with or without a stabilizing agent.

Methods for the treatment of metallic particles such as heavy metal particles and objects contaminated with the metallic particles. For the treatment of objects contaminated with the metallic particles, a stabilizing composition may be applied to the object with or without a fixation agent. For the treatment of free-flowing metallic particles, an agglomeration agent may be used with or without a stabilizing agent.

Methods for the treatment of metallic particles such as heavy metal particles and objects contaminated with the metallic particles. For the treatment of objects contaminated with the metallic particles, a stabilizing composition may be applied to the object with or without a fixation agent. For the treatment of free-flowing metallic particles, an agglomeration agent may be used with or without a stabilizing agent.

Methods for the treatment of metallic particles such as heavy metal particles and objects contaminated with the metallic particles. For the treatment of objects contaminated with the metallic particles, a stabilizing composition may be applied to the object with or without a fixation agent. For the treatment of free-flowing metallic particles, an agglomeration agent may be used with or without a stabilizing agent.

An apparatus and process for melting and using scrap pieces of lead or lead alloy from making a web of connected grids for a lead acid battery by forming holes through a solid strip of lead or lead alloy. The scrap pieces may be compacted into briquettes which are submerged in a pool of liquid lead or lead alloy below the top surface of the pool and melt in the pool. Liquid lead from the pool may be cast into solid strips from which webs of grids are made.

A method including providing a quantity of metal, the quantity of metal being contaminated by a contaminant including a quantity of carbon; configuring a vacuum induction furnace to operate according to a set of operating parameters, the set of operating parameters being selected based on characteristics of the contaminant, the set of operating parameters including at least one of a pressure, an atmosphere composition, a pour temperature, or a hold time; charging the vacuum induction furnace with the quantity of metal; and operating the vacuum induction furnace to melt the quantity of metal in accordance with the set of operating parameters, whereby at least some of the contaminant is removed from the quantity of metal so as to provide an output metal having a concentration of carbon that is less than or equal to a concentration of carbon in the metal as cast.

A method including providing a quantity of metal, the quantity of metal being contaminated by a contaminant including a quantity of carbon; configuring a vacuum induction furnace to operate according to a set of operating parameters, the set of operating parameters being selected based on characteristics of the contaminant, the set of operating parameters including at least one of a pressure, an atmosphere composition, a pour temperature, or a hold time; charging the vacuum induction furnace with the quantity of metal; and operating the vacuum induction furnace to melt the quantity of metal in accordance with the set of operating parameters, whereby at least some of the contaminant is removed from the quantity of metal so as to provide an output metal having a concentration of carbon that is less than or equal to a concentration of carbon in the metal as cast.

In a method for producing a metal or alloy by forming pellets from an oxide ore, a method for smelting an oxide ore, wherein a high-quality metal can be produced. Provided is a method for smelting an oxide ore to produce a metal or alloy by heating for reducing a mixture containing an oxide ore and a carbonaceous reducing agent, wherein the carbonaceous reducing agent is composed of particles (reducing agent particles), the number of reducing agent particles which are contained in the carbonaceous reducing agent and have a maximum particle length of 25 m or less is 2% or more and 25% or less of the total number of reducing agent particles contained in the carbonaceous reducing agent, and the average maximum particle length of reducing agent particles having a maximum particle length greater than 25 m is 30 m or more and 80 m or less.

In a method for producing a metal or alloy by forming pellets from an oxide ore, a method for smelting an oxide ore, wherein a high-quality metal can be produced. Provided is a method for smelting an oxide ore to produce a metal or alloy by heating for reducing a mixture containing an oxide ore and a carbonaceous reducing agent, wherein the carbonaceous reducing agent is composed of particles (reducing agent particles), the number of reducing agent particles which are contained in the carbonaceous reducing agent and have a maximum particle length of 25 m or less is 2% or more and 25% or less of the total number of reducing agent particles contained in the carbonaceous reducing agent, and the average maximum particle length of reducing agent particles having a maximum particle length greater than 25 m is 30 m or more and 80 m or less.

In a method for producing a metal or alloy by forming pellets from an oxide ore, a method for smelting an oxide ore, wherein a high-quality metal can be produced. Provided is a method for smelting an oxide ore to produce a metal or alloy by heating for reducing a mixture containing an oxide ore and a carbonaceous reducing agent, wherein the carbonaceous reducing agent is composed of particles (reducing agent particles), the number of reducing agent particles which are contained in the carbonaceous reducing agent and have a maximum particle length of 25 m or less is 2% or more and 25% or less of the total number of reducing agent particles contained in the carbonaceous reducing agent, and the average maximum particle length of reducing agent particles having a maximum particle length greater than 25 m is 30 m or more and 80 m or less.