A process for preparing a cationic species [Cat+] for an ionic liquid, said process comprising reacting a reagent (1) H 2 N-L-[Z] with a reagent (2) LG-L 2-EDG, to form a cationic species EDG-L 2-[Z+]-L-N(L 2-EDG) 2, wherein the process is carried out in a sealed reactor at a temperature of at least 100° C.

A process for preparing a cationic species [Cat+] for an ionic liquid, said process comprising reacting a reagent (1) H 2 N-L-[Z] with a reagent (2) LG-L 2-EDG, to form a cationic species EDG-L 2-[Z+]-L-N(L 2-EDG) 2, wherein the process is carried out in a sealed reactor at a temperature of at least 100° C.

A method for extracting a rare earth metal from a mixture of one or more rare earth metals, said method comprising contacting an acidic solution of the rare earth metal with a composition which comprises an ionic liquid to form an aqueous phase and a non-aqueous phase into which the rare earth metal has been selectively extracted.

Disclosed is a process for extracting or separating metal ions using a composition including: an ionic liquid of formula C.sup.+,-X, in which: C.sup.+ is an onium cation including at least one hydrocarbon chain R.sup.1 including from 6 to 20 carbon atoms; X.sup.P is an anion of charge p, the ionic liquid having a solubility in water at 20 C. of at least 10 g/l; an acid; and water. The composition includes two liquid phases: a phase enriched in ionic liquid .sub.IL; and a phase enriched in water .sub.w, the pH of which is less than or equal to 4.7. The composition is useful for extracting a metal ion from an acidic aqueous medium including a metal ion, for separating metal ions from an aqueous medium including at least two metal ions or for purifying an acidic aqueous solution including a metal ion.

Disclosed is a process for extracting or separating metal ions using a composition including: an ionic liquid of formula C.sup.+,-X, in which: C.sup.+ is an onium cation including at least one hydrocarbon chain R.sup.1 including from 6 to 20 carbon atoms; X.sup.P is an anion of charge p, the ionic liquid having a solubility in water at 20 C. of at least 10 g/l; an acid; and water. The composition includes two liquid phases: a phase enriched in ionic liquid .sub.IL; and a phase enriched in water .sub.w, the pH of which is less than or equal to 4.7. The composition is useful for extracting a metal ion from an acidic aqueous medium including a metal ion, for separating metal ions from an aqueous medium including at least two metal ions or for purifying an acidic aqueous solution including a metal ion.

The present disclosure relates to calixpyrrole compounds and compositions thereof. The calixpyrrole compounds are chemical groups which are located in such a manner so as to be useful for the selective extraction of specific salts. Also provided herein are compositions and methods of use thereof.

The present disclosure relates to calixpyrrole compounds and compositions thereof. The calixpyrrole compounds are chemical groups which are located in such a manner so as to be useful for the selective extraction of specific salts. Also provided herein are compositions and methods of use thereof.

The present applications relates to methods for the simultaneous leaching and extraction of precious metals. For example, the present application relates to methods of leaching and extracting gold and/or palladium from a substance comprising gold and/or palladium such as a gold- and/or palladium-containing ore in one step using a compound of Formula I:(I).

##STR00001##

The present application relates to methods for leaching and extraction of precious metals. For example, the present application relates to methods of leaching gold, palladium and/or platinum from a substance comprising gold, palladium and/or platinum (such as a gold-containing ore or a platinum group metal (PGM) concentrate) using an organic solvent that is water-miscible or partially water-miscible.

Provided are: A collector containing a compound that increases the recovery amount of a target mineral; a flotation method that uses this compound; and a compound that is suitable as a collector. This collector includes a compound represented by the following formula (1).

##STR00001##

(In formula (1), R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group having 1 or more and 18 or less carbon atoms, and X represents NR.sup.2R.sup.3, SR.sup.4, or OR.sup.5, and R.sup.2-3 each represents hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 or more and 18 or less carbon atoms, and R.sup.4-5 each represent an alkyl group having 1 or more and 18 or less carbon atoms.