In a process for producing uranium and/or at least one rare earth element selected from the group consisting of cerium, dysprosium, erbium, europium, gadolinium, holmium, lanthanum, lutetium, neodymium, praseodymium, promethium, samarium, scandium, terbium, thulium, ytterbium and yttrium out of an ore, the ore is mixed with sulphuric acid with a concentration of at least 95 wt.-% to a mixture, wherein the mixture is granulated to pellets. The pellets are fed into at least one fluidized bed fluidized by a fluidizing gas for a thermal treatment at temperatures between 200 and 1000 C. The at least one fluidized bed is developed such that it at least partly surrounds a gas supply tube for a gas or a gas mixture fed into the reactor and the gas or gas mixture is used as a heat transfer medium.

In a process for producing uranium and/or at least one rare earth element selected from the group consisting of cerium, dysprosium, erbium, europium, gadolinium, holmium, lanthanum, lutetium, neodymium, praseodymium, promethium, samarium, scandium, terbium, thulium, ytterbium and yttrium out of an ore, the ore is mixed with sulphuric acid with a concentration of at least 95 wt.-% to a mixture, wherein the mixture is granulated to pellets. The pellets are fed into at least one fluidized bed fluidized by a fluidizing gas for a thermal treatment at temperatures between 200 and 1000 C. The at least one fluidized bed is developed such that it at least partly surrounds a gas supply tube for a gas or a gas mixture fed into the reactor and the gas or gas mixture is used as a heat transfer medium.

A method for recovering active metals of a lithium secondary battery comprises collecting a cathode active material mixture from the cathode of the lithium secondary battery; subjecting the cathode active material mixture to a reducing reaction to prepare a preliminary precursor mixture; forming an aqueous lithium precursor solution from the preliminary precursor mixture; and collecting an aluminum-containing material from the aqueous lithium precursor solution with an aluminum removing resin.

A method for recovering active metals of a lithium secondary battery comprises collecting a cathode active material mixture from the cathode of the lithium secondary battery; subjecting the cathode active material mixture to a reducing reaction to prepare a preliminary precursor mixture; forming an aqueous lithium precursor solution from the preliminary precursor mixture; and collecting an aluminum-containing material from the aqueous lithium precursor solution with an aluminum removing resin.

Oxygen is injected into the windbox of a fluidized bed ore roaster to form a fluidizing and oxidizing gas stream of elevated oxygen content which is fed into only the feed zone into which the ore to be fluidized is fed.

Oxygen is injected into the windbox of a fluidized bed ore roaster to form a fluidizing and oxidizing gas stream of elevated oxygen content which is fed into only the feed zone into which the ore to be fluidized is fed.

Disclosed in the present application is a copper rotation-suspension smelting process comprising: mixing a flux and/or fume with dried copper-containing mineral powders to form a mixed material, which enters into a smelting furnace through a material channel; allowing a reaction gas to form a swirling flow under an action of a swirler, which enters into the smelting furnace through a Venturi channel under a guidance of a swirling gas channel; replenishing the reaction gas and/or a fuel to the smelting furnace through an auxiliary oxygen channel and an auxiliary fuel channel; subjecting the swirling flow which has been subjected to high-speed expansion through the Venturi channel and enters into the smelting furnace to a contact reaction with the mixed material; separating a melt generated by the reaction which falls into a settling tank into a residue layer and a copper-containing product layer.

Disclosed in the present application is a copper rotation-suspension smelting process comprising: mixing a flux and/or fume with dried copper-containing mineral powders to form a mixed material, which enters into a smelting furnace through a material channel; allowing a reaction gas to form a swirling flow under an action of a swirler, which enters into the smelting furnace through a Venturi channel under a guidance of a swirling gas channel; replenishing the reaction gas and/or a fuel to the smelting furnace through an auxiliary oxygen channel and an auxiliary fuel channel; subjecting the swirling flow which has been subjected to high-speed expansion through the Venturi channel and enters into the smelting furnace to a contact reaction with the mixed material; separating a melt generated by the reaction which falls into a settling tank into a residue layer and a copper-containing product layer.

There is provided a dispersion apparatus for use with a solid fuel burner. The dispersion apparatus comprises a passage through which particulate material may flow toward an outlet region for dispersal therefrom, the flow being at least in part rotational about the longitudinal axis of the passage. The dispersion apparatus also comprises a downstream guide means arranged within the passage at or near the outlet region, the downstream guide means configured to at least reduce the rotational motion so that the flow progresses toward the outlet region in a substantially uniform manner in a direction aligned with a longitudinal axis of the passage.

In a method for recovering an active metal of a lithium secondary battery, positive electrode active material particles including a lithium-transition metal oxide is prepared. The positive active material particles are treated by reduction. The reduction-treated positive active particles are subjected to ultrasonic dispersion and hydration. The hydrated transition metal slurry is recovered. The recovery rate of lithium and transition metal can be increased by disaggregation through ultrasonic dispersion.