An article including a first layer of a shielding material comprising a first surface and an opposite second surface. The article also includes an core material coupled to the first surface, wherein the core material is configured to eliminate pathogens located on the second surface.

The present invention relates to a Ni-based heat-resistant alloy including Ir: 5.0 mass % or more and 50.0 mass % or less, Al: 1.0 mass % or more and 8.0 mass % or less, W: 5.0 mass % or more and 25.0 mass % or less, and balance Ni, having an L1.sub.2-structured phase present in the matrix, and including at least one of Zr: 0.01 mass % or more and 3.0 mase/0 or less and Hf: 0.01 mass % or more and 3.0 mass % or less. This Ni-based heat-resistant alloy has improved toughness over a conventional Ni-based heat-resistant alloy based on a NiIrAlW-based alloy, and is also excellent in ambient-temperature strength.

The invention relates to methods for the manufacture of nickel alloys having optimized strip weldability (TIG without filler) from an alloy of the following composition (in wt%): C max. 0.05%, Co max. 2.5%, Ni the rest, especially >35 - 75.5%, Mn max. 1.0%, Si max. 0.5%, Mo >2 to 23%, P max. 0.2%, S max. 0.05%, N up to 0.2%, Cu 1.0%, Fe >0 to <7.0%, Ti >0 to <2.5%, Al >0 to 0.5%, Cr >14 to <25%, V max. 0.5%, W up to 3.5%, Mg up to 0.2%, Ca up to 0.02%, in that the alloy is smelted openly and cast as ingots, the ingots are subjected if necessary to at least one heat treatment, the ingots are then remelted at least one time by electroslag refining, the remelted ingot obtained in this way is subjected if necessary to at least one heat treatment, the ingot is subjected to at least one cold and/or hot deformation cycle, until strip material of predeterminable material thickness exists, the strip material is subdivided into strip sections of defined lengths/widths.

A high hardness and temperature-resistant alloy is disclosed, and comprises 10-40 atomic percent Co, 30-56 atomic percent Cr, 10-40 atomic percent Ni, 6-13 atomic percent C, 0-8 atomic percent Mo, and 0-8 atomic percent W. Moreover, the elemental composition of the high hardness and temperature-resistant alloy can further comprise at least one additive element, such as Pb, Sn, Ge, Si, Zn, Sb, P, B, Mg, Mn, V, Nb, Ti, Zr, Y, La, Ce, Al, Ta, Cu, and Fe. Experimental data reveal that, the high hardness and temperature-resistant alloy can still show a property of hardness greater than HV100 in 900 degrees Celsius. Therefore, experimental data have proved that the high hardness and temperature-resistant alloy has a significant potential for applications in the manufacture of hot working die metals, components (e.g., turbine blade) for high temperature applications, and devices (e.g., aeroengine) for high temperature applications.

Electric-powered, closed-loop, continuous-feed, endothermic energy-conversion systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a shaftless auger. In another embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a drag conveyor. In yet another embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a distillation and/or fractionating stage. The endothermic energy-conversion systems and methods feature mechanisms for natural resource recovery, refining, and recycling, such as secondary recovery of metals, minerals, nutrients, and/or carbon char.

A nickel based alloy, along with methods of its use and manufacture, is provided that may include about 20 wt. % to about 26 wt. % cobalt; about 9 wt. % to about 13 wt. % chromium; about 2 wt. % to about 6 wt. % iron; about 3.5 wt. % to about 6 wt. % aluminum; about 9 wt. % to about 13 wt. % tungsten; about 6 wt. % to about 9 wt. % tantalum; about 0.06 wt. % to about 0.20 wt. % boron; and the balance nickel. The nickel based alloy may have gamma prime precipitates in a plurality of grain interiors and a gamma prime solvus temperature of about 1038 C. or greater. Additionally or alternatively, the nickel based alloy may comprise about 30% by volume or more gamma prime precipitates in the plurality of grain interiors.

A forging head for additive manufacturing, comprising a base portion and a forging portion. The forging portion extends from the base portion for forging a cladding layer during formation of the cladding layer by additive manufacturing. The forging head further comprising a through hole which is formed through the base portion and the forging portion, for at least one of an energy bean and an additive material to pass through during formation of the cladding layer.

A thermal mechanical treatment method includes consolidating a powder by a severe plastic deformation process and ageing the consolidated powder at low temperature. The method may include cryomilling the powder before consolidating the powder by a severe plastic deformation process; hot isostatic pressing the consolidated powder into a dense powder before aging the consolidated powder; hot extruding the dense powder into a stock shape before aging the consolidated powder; hot-working the stock shape on a gyrating forge at a predetermined temperature before aging the consolidated powder; or heating the consolidated powder to a predetermined temperature, and maintaining the consolidated powder at the predetermined temperature for a predetermined time.

An object of the invention is to provide an alloy article that exhibits even better mechanical properties and/or even higher corrosion resistance than conventional high entropy articles without sacrificing the attractive properties thereof, a product formed of the alloy article, and a fluid machine having the product. An alloy article according to the invention has a predetermined chemical composition consisting of Co, Cr, Fe, Ni and Ti, Mo within a range of 1 atomic % or more and 5 atomic % or less, an element with a larger atomic radius than the atomic radiuses of Co, Cr, Fe and Ni within a range of more than 0 atomic % and 4 atomic % or less, and a balance of inevitable impurities.

There is provided a welding structure member excellent in corrosion resistance in an environment where high-concentration sulfuric acid condenses, the welding structure member including base material having a chemical composition containing, in mass percent, C0.05%, Si1.0%, Mn2.0%, P0.04%, S0.01%, Ni: 12.0 to 27.0%, Cr: 15.0% or more to less than 20.0%, Cu: more than 3 0% to 8.0% or less, Mo: more than 2.0% to 5.0% or less, Nb1.0%, Ti0.5%, Co0.5%, Sn0.1%, W5.0%, Zr1.0%, Al0.5%, N<0.05%, Ca0.01%, B0.01%, and REM0.01%, with the balance: Fe and unavoidable impurities, and the welding structure member including including weld metal having a chemical composition containing, in mass percent, C0.10%, Si0.50%, Mn3.5%, P0.03%, S0.03%, Cu0.50%, Ni: 51.0 to 69.0%, Cr: 14.5 to 23.0%, Mo: 6.0 to 17.0%, Al0.40%, Ti+Nb+Ta4.90%, Co2.5%, V0.35%, and W4.5%, with the balance: Fe and unavoidable impurities.