A powder metallurgical component has a chromium content of at least 80% by weight and pores and/or oxide inclusions which are present in the component. The number per unit area of a sum of pores and oxide inclusions at a cut surface through the component in at least one region is at least 10,000 per mm.sup.2.

Embodiments of the invention relate to processes for the production of a creep-resistant material. One of the processes provides the following: provision of a metal powder; provision of metallic or ceramic nanoparticles; mixing of the metal powder with the nanoparticles, where during the mixing procedure the particles of the metal powder and the nanoparticles neither change their size nor change their shape; and consolidation of the mixture of metal powder and of nanoparticles to form a material with a polycrystalline metal structure, where the individual grains which have resulted from the consolidation and which are part of the polycrystalline metal structure have been produced from the particles of the metal powder and are separated from one another by grain boundaries, and where the arrangement has the nanoparticles at the grain boundaries.

An article and method of forming the article are disclosed. The article has a surface comprising a nanostructured ferritic alloy. The surface includes a plurality of nanofeatures that include complex oxides of yttrium and titanium disposed in an iron-bearing alloy matrix. The iron-bearing alloy matrix at the surface includes about 5 weight percent to about 30 weight percent of chromium, and about 0.1 weight percent to about 10 weight percent of molybdenum. Further, a concentration of a chi phase or a sigma phase in the nanostructured ferritic alloy at the surface is less than about 5 volume percent. The method generally includes the steps of milling, thermo-mechanically consolidating, annealing, and then cooling at a rate that hinders the formation of chi and sigma phases in the nanostructured ferritic alloy at the surface.

In an aspect, an electrochemical cell comprises: a positive electrode; a negative electrode, said negative electrode having an alloy having a composition comprising V; and an electrolyte; wherein an additive is provided in said electrolyte to form primary vanadate ions upon dissociation of said additive in said electrolyte; and wherein the electrochemical cell is a metal hydride battery. In some embodiments of this aspect, the alloy is configured to sorb hydrogen during charging of said electrochemical cell and desorb hydrogen during discharging of said electrochemical cell. In some embodiments of this aspect, the electrolyte has a pH selected from the range of 13 to 15.

A composite material having a grainy appearance, this composite material including a metal matrix which represents, in terms of volume fraction, between 50 and 95% of the grainy composite material, the ceramic particles having a diameter that lies in the range 0.1 to 2 mm and which represent, in terms of volume fraction, between 50 and 5% of the composite material are dispersed in the metal matrix and form the remainder of this grainy composite material. A method for manufacturing a grainy synthetic material.

A hard composite composition may comprise a binder and a polymodal blend of matrix powder. The polymodal blend of matrix powder may have at least one first local maxima at a particle size of about 0.5 nm to about 30 m, at least one second local maxima at a particle size of about 200 m to about 10 mm, and at least one local minima between a particle size of about 30 m to about 200 m that has a value that is less than the first local maxima.

An objective of the invention is to provide an austenitic stainless steel article having superior irradiation resistance and stress corrosion cracking resistance than before while maintaining mechanical properties equivalent to those of conventional ones. There is provided a dispersion strengthened austenitic stainless steel article, including: 16-26 mass % of Cr; 8-22 mass % of Ni; 0.005-0.08 mass % of C; 0.002-0.1 mass % of N; 0.02-0.4 mass % of O; at least one of 0.2-2.8 mass % of Zr, 0.4-5 mass % of Ta, and 0.2-2.6 mass % of Ti; and a balance consisting of Fe and inevitable impurities. The Zr, Ta and Ti components form inclusion particles in the stainless steel article by combining with the C, N and O components. The stainless steel article has an average grain size of 1 m or less and a maximum grain size of 5 m or less.

The present disclosure relates to a system for performing an Additive Manufacturing (AM) fabrication process on a powdered material, deposited as a powder bed and forming a substrate. The system makes use of a laser for generating a laser beam, and an optical subsystem. The optical subsystem is configured to receive the laser beam and to generate an optical signal comprised of electromagnetic radiation sufficient to melt or sinter the powdered material. The optical subsystem uses a digitally controlled mask configured to pattern the optical signal as needed to melt select portions of a layer of the powdered material to form a layer of a 3D part. A power supply and at least one processor are also included for generating a plurality of different power density levels selectable based on a specific material composition and a known absorptivity of the powder particles. The powdered material is used to form the 3D part in a sequential layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process.

A composition includes a metal alloy matrix comprising iron and a plurality of nanoparticles dispersed within the metal alloy matrix. Each nanoparticle of the plurality comprises an oxide of a rare-earth metal and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of tantalum, niobium, vanadium, and titanium. Some compositions include a metal alloy matrix comprising iron and a plurality of nanoparticles comprising at least two different oxides of rare-earth metals dispersed within the metal alloy matrix. Some methods include mixing an oxide of a rare-earth metal with a first metal and a second metal. Other methods include mixing a plurality of particles comprising at least one oxide of a rare-earth metal with a molten metal comprising iron. Each particle of the plurality may exhibit a density between about 6.9 g/cm.sup.3 and about 9.0 g/cm.sup.3.

The present invention provides a surface alloy coating composite material for a high temperature resistant material, a coating and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the surface alloy coating composite material is made of metal alloy powder having a face-centered cubic structure and enamel powder, and a component percentage thereof is as follows: 10-70 wt % is the metal alloy powder, and remaining is the enamel powder; the metal alloy powder is selected from at least one type of NiCrAIX, NiCrX and NiCoCrAIX, wherein X is at least one type of hafnium, zirconium, a rare earth element and mixed rare earth, and the mixed rare earth can be two types or more than two types of rare earth elements that are used together or a rare earth element and one type or multiple types of Na, K, Ca, Sr and Ba that are used in a combined way.