The invention relates in particular to a solid metallic component. This component (1) is particularly notable in that it comprises a core (5) and an external shell (3) which surrounds said core (5) in all directions, this core (5) and this shell (3) being made of different grades of steel, the steel of said core (5) having martensite and bainite critical cooling rates lower than those of the steel or steels of said shell (3).

Disclosed is an austenitic stainless steel having an increased yield ratio. The disclosed austenitic stainless steel is characterized by comprising, in percent by weight (wt %), 0.1% or less (exclusive of 0) of C, 0.2% or less (exclusive of 0) of N, 1.5 to 2.5% of Si, 6.0 to 10.0% of Mn, 15.0 to 17.0% of Cr, 0.3% or less (exclusive of 0) of Ni, 2.0 to 3.0% of Cu, and the remainder of Fe and other inevitable impurities, and satisfying Expressions (1) and (2) below.

3.2≤5.53+1.4Ni−0.16Cr+17.1(C+N)+0.722Mn+1.4Cu−5.59Si≤7  Expression (1):

551-462(C+N)−9.2Si−8.1Mn−13.7Cr−29(Ni+Cu)≤110  Expression (2): wherein C, N, Si, Mn, Cr, Ni, and Cu indicate the content (wt %) of respective elements.

Disclosed is an austenitic stainless steel having an increased yield ratio. The disclosed austenitic stainless steel is characterized by comprising, in percent by weight (wt %), 0.1% or less (exclusive of 0) of C, 0.2% or less (exclusive of 0) of N, 1.5 to 2.5% of Si, 6.0 to 10.0% of Mn, 15.0 to 17.0% of Cr, 0.3% or less (exclusive of 0) of Ni, 2.0 to 3.0% of Cu, and the remainder of Fe and other inevitable impurities, and satisfying Expressions (1) and (2) below.

3.2≤5.53+1.4Ni−0.16Cr+17.1(C+N)+0.722Mn+1.4Cu−5.59Si≤7  Expression (1):

551-462(C+N)−9.2Si−8.1Mn−13.7Cr−29(Ni+Cu)≤110  Expression (2): wherein C, N, Si, Mn, Cr, Ni, and Cu indicate the content (wt %) of respective elements.

A MIG welding method for carbon steels using an Ar shielding gas. The method includes short-circuiting a welding wire and a base material. The average short-circuiting frequency in welding is 20 Hz to 300 Hz and the maximum short-circuiting period is 1.5 s or less.

A hot stamped body with high strength, good bendability and crack propagation resistance, consisting of: in mass %, C: 0.06% or more to less than 0.20%, Si: 0.010-1.00%, Mn: 0.80-2.00%, P: 0.100% or less, S: 0.010% or less, Al: 0.010-0.500%, N: 0.010% or less, Nb: more than 0.020% to 0.10% or less, Ti: 0-0.10%, V: 0-0.10%, Cr: 0-0.50%, Mo: 0-1.00%, B: 0-0.0100%, Ni: 0-0.50%, REM: 0-0.0100%, Mg: 0-0.010%, Ca: 0-0.0100%, and Co: 0-2.0%, with the balance: Fe and impurities, wherein a microstructure includes, in area fraction, ferrite: 5-50%, and martensite: 50-95%, a proportion of regions in the martensite where GAIQ values are 35000 or more to less than 45000 is 30 area % or more, and a maximum bending angle α (deg) is 90 or more.

A hot stamped body with high strength, good bendability and crack propagation resistance, consisting of: in mass %, C: 0.06% or more to less than 0.20%, Si: 0.010-1.00%, Mn: 0.80-2.00%, P: 0.100% or less, S: 0.010% or less, Al: 0.010-0.500%, N: 0.010% or less, Nb: more than 0.020% to 0.10% or less, Ti: 0-0.10%, V: 0-0.10%, Cr: 0-0.50%, Mo: 0-1.00%, B: 0-0.0100%, Ni: 0-0.50%, REM: 0-0.0100%, Mg: 0-0.010%, Ca: 0-0.0100%, and Co: 0-2.0%, with the balance: Fe and impurities, wherein a microstructure includes, in area fraction, ferrite: 5-50%, and martensite: 50-95%, a proportion of regions in the martensite where GAIQ values are 35000 or more to less than 45000 is 30 area % or more, and a maximum bending angle α (deg) is 90 or more.

The disclosure provides high strength high-entropy alloys with compositions (in atomic %) of Fe.sub.aNi.sub.bMn.sub.cAl.sub.dCr.sub.eC.sub.f where 37-43 atomic %, b is 8-14 atomic %, c is 27-33 atomic %, d is 4-10 atomic %, e is 10-14 atomic %, and f is 0-2 atomic %.

Disclosed is an austenitic stainless steel alloy that includes or consists of, by weight, about 20.0% to about 21.5% chromium, about 8.5% to about 10.0% nickel, about 4.0% to about 5.0% manganese, about 0.5% to about 2.0% silicon, about 0.4% to about 0.5% carbon, about 0.2% to about 0.3% nitrogen, and a balance of iron with inevitable/unavoidable impurities. The elements niobium, tungsten, and molybdenum are excluded beyond impurity levels. Turbocharger turbine housings made of the stainless steel alloy, and methods of making the same, are also disclosed. The stainless steel alloy is suitable for use in turbocharger turbine applications for temperatures up to about 1020° C.

A low-carbon iron-chromium-molybdenum alloy comprises, in weight percent: carbon from about 0.1 to about 0.8 percent; manganese from about 0.1 to about 4 percent; silicon from about 0.1 to about 0.5 percent; chromium from 14 to about 16 percent; nickel up to about 8 percent; vanadium up to about 0.1 percent; molybdenum from 14 to about 16 percent; tungsten up to about 6 percent; niobium from about 0.1 to about 0.8 percent; cobalt up to about 0.2 percent; boron up to 0.1 percent; nitrogen up to about 0.1 percent; copper up to about 1.5 percent; sulfur up to about 0.05 percent; phosphorus up to about 0.05 percent; balance iron from about 50 to about 65 percent; and incidental impurities wherein the alloy contains a ratio of Cr/Mo of about 0.9 to about 1.1. The alloy can be used as a valve seat insert for combustion engines.

A low-carbon iron-chromium-molybdenum alloy comprises, in weight percent: carbon from about 0.1 to about 0.8 percent; manganese from about 0.1 to about 4 percent; silicon from about 0.1 to about 0.5 percent; chromium from 14 to about 16 percent; nickel up to about 8 percent; vanadium up to about 0.1 percent; molybdenum from 14 to about 16 percent; tungsten up to about 6 percent; niobium from about 0.1 to about 0.8 percent; cobalt up to about 0.2 percent; boron up to 0.1 percent; nitrogen up to about 0.1 percent; copper up to about 1.5 percent; sulfur up to about 0.05 percent; phosphorus up to about 0.05 percent; balance iron from about 50 to about 65 percent; and incidental impurities wherein the alloy contains a ratio of Cr/Mo of about 0.9 to about 1.1. The alloy can be used as a valve seat insert for combustion engines.