Known cylindrical sputtering targets comprise a substrate and a target material that forms a layer on the substrate, said layer has a thickness d, wherein the target material comprises TiOx as the main component, and x is within a range of 1<x<2. Starting therefrom and in order to provide large-sized cylindrical sputtering targets with a thick target layer comprising sub-stoichiometric TiO.sub.2 it is proposed that x is within a range of 1.45<x<1.7 that allows a target layer thickness d which is larger than 10 mm.

A pipe according to the present disclosure comprises: a hollow tube body in which fluids of different temperatures pass through the inside and outside thereof; and a coating layer which is provided on an external surface of the hollow tube body, and which has an alloy comprising an amorphous phase, wherein the alloy comprises Fe, and comprises at least one or more first component selected from the group consisting of Cr, Mo and Co, and at least one or more second component selected from the group consisting of B, C, Si and Nb.

A manufacturing method is provided. During this method, a preform component is provided for a turbine engine. The preform component includes a substrate. A preform meter section and a preform diffuser section are formed in the substrate. An internal coating is applied to at least the preform meter section to provide a meter section of a cooling aperture. External coating material is applied over the substrate. The applying of the external coating material forms an external coating over the substrate. The applying of the external coating also builds up the external coating material within the preform diffuser section to form a diffuser section of the cooling aperture.

Provided is a process for producing a tinned copper wire. The process comprises subjecting a copper wire sequentially to activation treatment, a first hot tinning treatment, a first cooling, a second hot tinning treatment, and a second cooling to obtain a tinned copper wire. The first hot tinning treatment is carried out at a first temperature and the second hot tinning treatment is carried out at a second temperature. The first temperature is higher than the second temperature. The first temperature is at least 38 C. higher than the melting point of tin. The second temperature is at least 8 C. higher than the melting point of tin.

Provided is a process for producing a tinned copper wire. The process comprises subjecting a copper wire sequentially to activation treatment, a first hot tinning treatment, a first cooling, a second hot tinning treatment, and a second cooling to obtain a tinned copper wire. The first hot tinning treatment is carried out at a first temperature and the second hot tinning treatment is carried out at a second temperature. The first temperature is higher than the second temperature. The first temperature is at least 38 C. higher than the melting point of tin. The second temperature is at least 8 C. higher than the melting point of tin.

A non-stick, durable, and long-serving coating in an inner surface of a tube that transports adhesive, a material of the coating includes polysiloxane. The polysiloxane includes a first monomer unit and a second monomer unit. The first monomer unit is at least one group selected from the group consisting of OSi(R.sub.1)(R.sub.2)(R.sub.3), Si(R.sub.1)(R.sub.2)(O).sub.2, and Si(R.sub.1)(O).sub.3, the R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 being independently selected from the group consisting of substituted alkyl and unsubstituted alkyl. The second monomer unit includes Si(O).sub.4. An injection needle and a method for manufacturing the coating on an injection needle is also provided.

Processing apparatus and method for processing a workpiece surface, in particular for the internal coating of cylinder bores. Processing apparatus has a shield unit which is provided to separate from one another-at least during operation-a part region of the workpiece surface provided for the processing and an adjacently arranged part region of the workpiece surface. The shield unit has at least one blocking nozzle which is provided to generate a fluid flow for separating the at least two part regions.

Processing apparatus and method for processing a workpiece surface, in particular for the internal coating of cylinder bores. Processing apparatus has a shield unit which is provided to separate from one another-at least during operation-a part region of the workpiece surface provided for the processing and an adjacently arranged part region of the workpiece surface. The shield unit has at least one blocking nozzle which is provided to generate a fluid flow for separating the at least two part regions.

An engine block and a method of coating an inner surface of an engine cylinder bore of an engine cylinder are provided. The method includes attaching a strengthening layer or ring onto an upper portion of the inner surface of the cylinder bore. The strengthening layer or ring may be attached by laser cladding. The method also includes depositing a thermal spray coating onto the inner surface of the cylinder bore and the strengthening layer or ring.

An engine block and a method of coating an inner surface of an engine cylinder bore of an engine cylinder are provided. The method includes attaching a strengthening layer or ring onto an upper portion of the inner surface of the cylinder bore. The strengthening layer or ring may be attached by laser cladding. The method also includes depositing a thermal spray coating onto the inner surface of the cylinder bore and the strengthening layer or ring.