A coated cutting tool includes a body and a PVD coating disposed on the body. The body being cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, polycrystalline diamond, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride based materials or a high speed steel. The coating includes a first layer of (Ti1-xAlx)N wherein 0.3≤x≤0.7, and a second layer of (Ti1-p-qAlp Siq)N with 0.15≤p≤0.45, and 0.05≤q≤0.20, wherein the second layer is deposited outside the first layer as seen in a direction from the body.

A coated cutting tool including a substrate and a coating is provided. The coating includes a nano-multilayer of alternating layers of a first nanolayer being Ti.sub.1-xAl.sub.xN, 0.35≤x≤0.70, and a second nanolayer being Ti.sub.1-yAl.sub.yN, 0.12≤y≤0.25. A sequence of one first nanolayer and one second nanolayer forms a layer period. The average layer period thickness in the nano-multilayer is ≤7 nm. The nanomultilayer has a columnar structure with an average column width of ≤70 nm.

A sputtering target containing silicon nitride (Si.sub.3N.sub.4) with reduced specific resistance of is provided. A sputtering target including Si.sub.3N.sub.4, SiC, MgO and TiCN, wherein a specific resistance of the sputtering target is 10 mΩ.Math.cm or less.

A transparent film with enhanced durability is disclosed. The present invention provides a transparent film with enhanced durability including: a base layer; a first inorganic material layer stacked on a first surface of the base layer; a metal layer stacked on a first surface of the first inorganic material layer; a second inorganic material layer stacked on a a first surface of the metal layer; and a passivation layer configured to include a plurality of organic material layers stacked on a first surface of the second inorganic material layer.

A coated substrate includes a coating, wherein the coating includes, starting from the substrate in this order: a. a layer of diamond-like carbon, b. a metallic multi-ply layer, wherein the metallic multi-ply layer contains b1) tin and at least one alloying element for tin, or b2) magnesium and at least one alloying element for magnesium, wherein the metallic multi-ply layer is formed from two, three, or more plies, wherein one or more plies contain tin and one or more plies made of at least one alloying element for tin selected from antimony, copper, lead, silver, indium, gallium and/or germanium, are arranged alternatingly, or wherein one or more plies contain magnesium and one or more plies made of at least one alloying element for magnesium selected from aluminum, bismuth, manganese, copper, cadmium, iron, strontium, zirconium, thorium, lithium, nickel, lead, silver, chromium, silicon, tin, gadolinium, yttrium, calcium and/or antimony, are arranged alternatingly.

A laminated body includes a transparent substrate having a laminated film. The laminated film includes a dielectric layer containing silicon nitride, a barrier layer composed of a single film or two or more films, and a metal layer containing silver. The barrier layer has a thickness of from 0.1 nm to 10 nm. Each film of the barrier layer includes a material having a crystal structure of a face-centered cubic structure with a lattice constant of from 3.5 to 4.2, a hexagonal close-packed structure with a lattice constant of from 2.6 to 3.3, a body-centered cubic structure with a lattice constant of from 2.9 to 3.2, or a tetragonal crystal with a lattice constant of from 2.9 to 4.4. The metal layer has a thickness of from 7 nm to 25 nm. An orientation index P of the metal layer falls within a range from 4.5 to 20.

Provided is a transparent structure having improved wear resistance and flexibility, and a structure according to the present invention is a nanolayered structure in which a nitride nanofilm of one or more elements selected from metals and metalloids; and a boron nitride nanofilm are alternately layered.

A coated article includes a substrate with a first surface and a second surface and a functional coating applied over the first surface or the second surface. The functional coating includes a blocking layer over at least a portion of the substrate; a metallic layer over at least a portion of the blocking layer; and a top layer over at least a portion of the metallic layer. The coated article has an optical color shift, as measured by ΔEcmc, of no more than 4.5 after tempering.

The invention provides a substrate coated with a multi-layer coating, comprising in order: (a) the substrate; (b) a thermally insulating layer (e.g. Si.sub.3N.sub.4); (c) an interfacial layer (e.g. SiC); and (d) one or more layers comprising ta-C; wherein the interfacial layer promotes adhesion of the one or more layers comprising ta-C to the thermally insulating layer; and methods for producing such coatings.

Electrochromic devices and methods may employ the addition of a defect-mitigating insulating layer which prevents electronically conducting layers and/or electrochromically active layers from contacting layers of the opposite polarity and creating a short circuit in regions where defects form. In some embodiments, an encapsulating layer is provided to encapsulate particles and prevent them from ejecting from the device stack and risking a short circuit when subsequent layers are deposited. The insulating layer may have an electronic resistivity of between about 1 and 10.sup.8 Ohm-cm. In some embodiments, the insulating layer contains one or more of the following metal oxides: aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, silicon aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, tungsten oxide, nickel tungsten oxide, and oxidized indium tin oxide. Carbides, nitrides, oxynitrides, and oxycarbides may also be used.