A group III nitride single crystal substrate including a main surface, the main surface including: a center; a periphery; an outer region whose distance from the center is greater than 30% of a first distance, the first distance being a distance from the center to the periphery; and an inner region whose distance from the center is no more than 30% of the first distance, wherein a ratio (ν.sub.A−ν.sub.B)/ν.sub.B is within the range of ±0.1%, wherein ν.sub.A is a minimum value of peak wave numbers of micro-Raman spectra in the inner region; and ν.sub.B is an average value of peak wave numbers of micro-Raman spectra in the outer region.

The present invention provides a SiC single crystal manufacturing apparatus, including a crystal growth vessel which has a source loading portion to hold a SiC source, and a lid which is provided with a seed crystal support to hold a seed crystal; an insulating material which has at least one through-hole and covers the crystal growth vessel; a heater which is configured to heat the crystal growth vessel; and a temperature measuring instrument which is configured to measure the temperature of the crystal growth vessel through the through-hole, wherein the inner wall surface of the through-hole of the insulating material is coated with a coating material which contains a heat-resistant metal carbide or a heat-resistant metal nitride.

The present invention provides a SiC single crystal manufacturing apparatus, including a crystal growth vessel which has a source loading portion to hold a SiC source, and a lid which is provided with a seed crystal support to hold a seed crystal; an insulating material which has at least one through-hole and covers the crystal growth vessel; a heater which is configured to heat the crystal growth vessel; and a temperature measuring instrument which is configured to measure the temperature of the crystal growth vessel through the through-hole, wherein the inner wall surface of the through-hole of the insulating material is coated with a coating material which contains a heat-resistant metal carbide or a heat-resistant metal nitride.

A deposition source evaporating apparatus includes a crucible set for accommodating a deposition source, a spray unit positioned on the crucible set, a heater positioned in the crucible set for heating the crucible set to evaporate the deposition source through the spray unit, and a heat radiation preventing plate surrounding the spray unit for blocking radiation of heat at a side of the spray unit. At least one of the crucible unit and the heat radiation preventing plate includes a carbon fiber composite material.

A deposition source evaporating apparatus includes a crucible set for accommodating a deposition source, a spray unit positioned on the crucible set, a heater positioned in the crucible set for heating the crucible set to evaporate the deposition source through the spray unit, and a heat radiation preventing plate surrounding the spray unit for blocking radiation of heat at a side of the spray unit. At least one of the crucible unit and the heat radiation preventing plate includes a carbon fiber composite material.

Provided is a galvanized steel sheet plated by vacuum deposition and, more specifically, to a galvanized steel sheet having excellent hardness and galling resistance, and a method for manufacturing same. The zinc coated steel sheet includes: a base steel sheet; and a zinc coated layer formed on the base steel sheet. The zinc coated layer is formed of a columnar structure, and a content of Mn included in the zinc coated layer is 0.1 to 0.4 wt %.

Provided is a coated steel sheet which can be used in vehicles, home appliances, construction materials, and the like, and more specifically, to a heterogeneous coated steel sheet having a zinc coating layer formed on one surface thereof and a zinc-magnesium coating layer formed on the other surface thereof. The heterogeneous coated steel sheet includes: a steel sheet; a zinc coating layer attached to one side of the steel sheet; and a zinc-magnesium alloy coating layer attached to the other side of the steel sheet, wherein a coating adhesion amount of the zinc coating layer is 5 to 60 g/m.sup.2, a coating adhesion amount of the zinc-magnesium alloy coating layer is 10 to 40 g/m.sup.2, and a magnesium content of the zinc-magnesium alloy coating layer is 8 to 30 wt %.

Provided is a coated steel sheet which can be used in vehicles, home appliances, construction materials, and the like, and more specifically, to a heterogeneous coated steel sheet having a zinc coating layer formed on one surface thereof and a zinc-magnesium coating layer formed on the other surface thereof. The heterogeneous coated steel sheet includes: a steel sheet; a zinc coating layer attached to one side of the steel sheet; and a zinc-magnesium alloy coating layer attached to the other side of the steel sheet, wherein a coating adhesion amount of the zinc coating layer is 5 to 60 g/m.sup.2, a coating adhesion amount of the zinc-magnesium alloy coating layer is 10 to 40 g/m.sup.2, and a magnesium content of the zinc-magnesium alloy coating layer is 8 to 30 wt %.

The present disclosure provides generally for deposition of a material onto a substrate. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to systems and methods for continuous deposition of coating onto a substrate with an actively replenished replenishing material source. In some aspects, the deposition process may occur in a vacuum environment. In some embodiments, the deposition process may occur on site, such as during installation or manufacturing. In some implementations, the deposition process may occur in micro or zero gravity, and the installation or manufacturing may occur in space.

The present invention relates to a manufacturing method for a mid-infrared lens, which includes the following steps: placing a lens in the path of a far-infrared radiation source, enabling the lens to receive the far infrared rays; immersing the lens in a hardening liquid, causing the hardening liquid to coat the lens, wherein the hardening liquid is an intermixture of silicone and isopropanol or an intermixture of silicone and methanol, and a far-infrared material or a far-infrared composite material is additionally added to the hardening liquid; placing the lens coated with the hardening liquid in a drying space to dry, causing the hardening liquid to dry and harden and form a hardened layer on the surface of the lens. The temperature of the drying space lies between 80 and 120° C., and the drying time lies between 1 and 10 hours.