A substrate processing apparatus capable of suppressing the effects of plasma on a structure formed on a substrate includes: a process chamber where a substrate is processed; a substrate support unit; a gas supply unit to supply a gas to the substrate via a buffer chamber; an electrode including a gas flow channel in communication with the buffer chamber; an insulating plate including a first hole adjacent to the gas flow channel; a dispersion unit including a second hole adjacent to the first hole and in communication with the gas flow channel; a power supply unit; and a control unit to: control the gas supply unit to supply the gas into a plasma generation region in the second hole downstream of the insulating plate; and control the power supply unit to supply electrical power to the electrode to generate a plasma of the gas in the plasma generation region.

Methods and apparatus for remote plasma processing are provided. In various embodiments, a reaction chamber is conditioned by forming a low recombination material coating on interior chamber surfaces. The low recombination material helps minimize the degree of radical recombination that occurs within the reaction chamber when the reaction chamber is used to process substrates. During processing on substrates, the low recombination material may become covered by relatively higher recombination material (e.g., as a byproduct of the substrate processing), which results in a decrease in the amount of radicals available to process the substrate over time. The low recombination material coating may be reconditioned through exposure to an oxidizing plasma, which acts to reform the low recombination material coating. The reconditioning process may occur periodically as additional processing occurs on substrates.

Methods and apparatus for remote plasma processing are provided. In various embodiments, a reaction chamber is conditioned by forming a low recombination material coating on interior chamber surfaces. The low recombination material helps minimize the degree of radical recombination that occurs within the reaction chamber when the reaction chamber is used to process substrates. During processing on substrates, the low recombination material may become covered by relatively higher recombination material (e.g., as a byproduct of the substrate processing), which results in a decrease in the amount of radicals available to process the substrate over time. The low recombination material coating may be reconditioned through exposure to an oxidizing plasma, which acts to reform the low recombination material coating. The reconditioning process may occur periodically as additional processing occurs on substrates.

A crystal growth apparatus includes: a chamber including a gas inlet, a gas outlet, a welded portion, and a water-cooling portion configured to water-cool a portion at least including the welded portion; an exhaust pump connected to the gas outlet; a dew point instrument disposed between the gas outlet and the exhaust pump, the dew point instrument being configured to measure a dew point of gas passing through the gas outlet.

A graphene producing method which is capable of increasing a size of each domain of graphene. A plasma CVD film formation device that activates a catalyst metal layer formed on a wafer; modifies the same into an activated catalyst metal layer; decomposes a C.sub.2H.sub.4 gas as a low reactivity carbon-containing gas by plasma in a space that opposes the wafer; and decomposes a C.sub.2H.sub.2 gas as a high reactivity carbon-containing gas by heat in the space.

A graphene producing method which is capable of increasing a size of each domain of graphene. A plasma CVD film formation device that activates a catalyst metal layer formed on a wafer; modifies the same into an activated catalyst metal layer; decomposes a C.sub.2H.sub.4 gas as a low reactivity carbon-containing gas by plasma in a space that opposes the wafer; and decomposes a C.sub.2H.sub.2 gas as a high reactivity carbon-containing gas by heat in the space.

Gas distribution assemblies are described including an annular body, an upper plate, and a lower plate. The upper plate may define a first plurality of apertures, and the lower plate may define a second and third plurality of apertures. The upper and lower plates may be coupled with one another and the annular body such that the first and second apertures produce channels through the gas distribution assemblies, and a volume is defined between the upper and lower plates.

Gas distribution assemblies are described including an annular body, an upper plate, and a lower plate. The upper plate may define a first plurality of apertures, and the lower plate may define a second and third plurality of apertures. The upper and lower plates may be coupled with one another and the annular body such that the first and second apertures produce channels through the gas distribution assemblies, and a volume is defined between the upper and lower plates.

Disclosed are methods and systems for providing silicon carbide films. A layer of silicon carbide can be provided under process conditions that employ one or more silicon-containing precursors that have one or more silicon-hydrogen bonds and/or silicon-silicon bonds. The silicon-containing precursors may also have one or more silicon-oxygen bonds and/or silicon-carbon bonds. One or more radical species in a substantially low energy state can react with the silicon-containing precursors to form the silicon carbide film. The one or more radical species can be formed in a remote plasma source.

Disclosed are methods and systems for providing silicon carbide films. A layer of silicon carbide can be provided under process conditions that employ one or more silicon-containing precursors that have one or more silicon-hydrogen bonds and/or silicon-silicon bonds. The silicon-containing precursors may also have one or more silicon-oxygen bonds and/or silicon-carbon bonds. One or more radical species in a substantially low energy state can react with the silicon-containing precursors to form the silicon carbide film. The one or more radical species can be formed in a remote plasma source.