A magnesium alloy layered composite for an electronic device can include a magnesium alloy substrate, a passivation layer positioned on the magnesium alloy substrate, and a sol-gel layer positioned on the passivation layer. The passivation layer can include a molybdate, a vanadate, a phosphate, a chromate, a stannate, or a manganese salt. The sol-gel layer can include a silicate, a silane, a siloxane, or a metal C1-C5 alkoxide.

A method of applying a heat exchanger coating system includes forming a conversion coated substrate by applying a conversion coat onto a substrate to provide corrosion resistance to the substrate and encapsulating the conversion coated substrate with a pinhole-free, uniform, atomic layer deposited, corrosion resistant coating.

A stainless steel plate for press forming includes a stainless steel having a recess formed along grain boundaries on a base surface of the stainless steel; and a surface film that is formed on a surface of the stainless steel that includes the recess, that is composed of at least one of an Fe and Cr-based oxide film and an Fe and Cr-based hydroxide film, and that has a thickness of equal to or greater than 0.1 m and equal to or less than 3.0 m, wherein a groove is formed correspondingly to the recess on the surface side of the stainless steel. The stainless steel plate has superior galling resistance and press formability during press forming even if general-purpose stainless steel and an extreme pressure additive, such as a non-chlorine-based additive, or a low viscosity press oil are used.

A stainless steel plate for press forming includes a stainless steel having a recess formed along grain boundaries on a base surface of the stainless steel; and a surface film that is formed on a surface of the stainless steel that includes the recess, that is composed of at least one of an Fe and Cr-based oxide film and an Fe and Cr-based hydroxide film, and that has a thickness of equal to or greater than 0.1 m and equal to or less than 3.0 m, wherein a groove is formed correspondingly to the recess on the surface side of the stainless steel. The stainless steel plate has superior galling resistance and press formability during press forming even if general-purpose stainless steel and an extreme pressure additive, such as a non-chlorine-based additive, or a low viscosity press oil are used.

A multilayer coating obtained by carrying out the steps of (1) applying a ZnNi layer to a substrate material, in particular to a steel; (2) carrying out a first heat treatment in a temperature range from 135-300 C., preferably from 185-220 C., for a time period of at least 4 hours, preferentially of at least 23 hours; (3) applying a metal-pigmented top coat to the ZnNi layer; and (4) carrying out a second heat treatment in a temperature range from 150-250 C., preferably from 180-200 C., for a time period of at least 10 minutes, prefer-ably of at least 20 minutes, preferentially of at least 30 minutes.

A multilayer coating obtained by carrying out the steps of (1) applying a ZnNi layer to a substrate material, in particular to a steel; (2) carrying out a first heat treatment in a temperature range from 135-300 C., preferably from 185-220 C., for a time period of at least 4 hours, preferentially of at least 23 hours; (3) applying a metal-pigmented top coat to the ZnNi layer; and (4) carrying out a second heat treatment in a temperature range from 150-250 C., preferably from 180-200 C., for a time period of at least 10 minutes, prefer-ably of at least 20 minutes, preferentially of at least 30 minutes.

A nanocrystalline material based on a stainless steel surface. In percentage by weight, the nanocrystalline material comprises: 0 to 3% of carbon, 20% to 35% of oxygen, 40% to 53% of chromium, 10% to 35% of ferrum, 0 to 4% of molybdenum, 1% to 4% of nickel, 0 to 2.5% of silicon, 0 to 2% of calcium, and the balance of impurity elements. Also disclosed is a preparation method for the nanocrystalline material, and the nanocrystalline material that is based on a stainless steel surface and that is prepared by using the preparation method.

A nanocrystalline material based on a stainless steel surface. In percentage by weight, the nanocrystalline material comprises: 0 to 3% of carbon, 20% to 35% of oxygen, 40% to 53% of chromium, 10% to 35% of ferrum, 0 to 4% of molybdenum, 1% to 4% of nickel, 0 to 2.5% of silicon, 0 to 2% of calcium, and the balance of impurity elements. Also disclosed is a preparation method for the nanocrystalline material, and the nanocrystalline material that is based on a stainless steel surface and that is prepared by using the preparation method.

This coated metal sheet for exterior covering has a metal sheet and a top coating layer disposed on the metal sheet, the top coating layer is configured from a fluororesin and contains a gloss control agent comprising 0.01-15 vol % of microporous particles and a matte agent comprising primary particles, and the coated metal sheet satisfies the belowmentioned formulae. In the number-based particle size distribution of the gloss control agent and the matte agent, R is the number average particle size (m) of the gloss control agent, D1.sub.97.5 and D2.sub.97.5 represent the 97.5% particle size (m) of the gloss control agent and the matte agent, Ru is the upper limit particle size (m) of the gloss control agent, and T is the top coating layer thickness (m).
D1.sub.97.5/T0.9
Ru1.2T
R1.0
0.5D2.sub.97.5/T7.0
3T40.

An anti-coking nanomaterial based on a stainless steel surface. In percentage by weight, the nanomaterial comprises: 0 to 3% of carbon, 23% to 38% of oxygen, 38% to 53% of chromium, 10% to 35% of ferrum, 0 to 2% of molybdenum, 0 to 4% of nickel, 3.5 to 5% of silicon, 0 to 1% of calcium, and the balance of impurity elements. Also disclosed are a preparation method for the anti-coking nanomaterial, the anti-coking nanomaterial that is based on a stainless steel surface and that is prepared by using the preparation method, and a stainless steel substrate comprising the anti-coking nanocrystalline material.