An adhesive (B) of solvent containing adhesive as a suspension of low viscosity is prepared by adding a solvent MIBK to a one-part epoxy adhesive of a dicyandiamide-curable type (A). Metal shaped articles (M1 to M5) as adherends are prepared each of which, through various surface treatment, has specific surface configuration of roughened face and/or ultrafine irregularities and the surface is entirely covered with a thin layer of ceramics such as a metal oxide or metal phosphate. The specified face of each metal shaped article (M1 to M5) is painted with the solvent containing adhesive (B). The faces painted with the adhesive of two metal shaped articles (M1 to M5) are caused to abut each other, the articles are heated to cure the one-epoxy adhesive to accomplish adhesion. With one of the adherends replaced by a CFRP shaped article (P2), a composite of a metal and CFRP can be formed.

The present invention relates to a bioactive material and to a method of producing a bioactive material which is suitable for use as an implant or for use as a bone substitute for repairing bone.

The present invention relates to a bioactive material and to a method of producing a bioactive material which is suitable for use as an implant or for use as a bone substitute for repairing bone.

Examples are disclosed that relate to the use of acid-stabilized precursor solutions for forming low-cracking and crack-free titanium-containing oxide films by liquid phase deposition. One example provides a method for forming a titanium-containing oxide film by liquid-phase deposition. The method comprises film a substrate with an acid-stabilized aqueous precursor solution to form a film. The acid-stabilized aqueous precursor solution comprises titanium ions, one or more other metal ions, a photolyzable and/or pyrolyzable ligand, and an acid. The method further comprises exposing the film to one or more of heat or light. Examples are also disclosed that relate to forming optical devices using liquid phase deposition of metal oxide films.

Examples are disclosed that relate to the use of acid-stabilized precursor solutions for forming low-cracking and crack-free titanium-containing oxide films by liquid phase deposition. One example provides a method for forming a titanium-containing oxide film by liquid-phase deposition. The method comprises film a substrate with an acid-stabilized aqueous precursor solution to form a film. The acid-stabilized aqueous precursor solution comprises titanium ions, one or more other metal ions, a photolyzable and/or pyrolyzable ligand, and an acid. The method further comprises exposing the film to one or more of heat or light. Examples are also disclosed that relate to forming optical devices using liquid phase deposition of metal oxide films.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating an object to be treated, which has an excellent etching amount with respect to a metal layer containing at least one selected from the group consisting of molybdenum and tungsten and has excellent flatness of a surface of the metal layer after the treatment. The method for treating an object to be treated according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a step 1 of bringing the object to be treated, which has a metal layer containing at least one selected from the group consisting of molybdenum and tungsten, into contact with a first treatment liquid to form a metal oxide layer, and a step 2 of bringing the object to be treated, which has the metal oxide layer, into contact with a second treatment liquid to remove the metal oxide layer, in which the first treatment liquid contains an organic solvent and an oxidizing agent, and the second treatment liquid contains water.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating an object to be treated, which has an excellent etching amount with respect to a metal layer containing at least one selected from the group consisting of molybdenum and tungsten and has excellent flatness of a surface of the metal layer after the treatment. The method for treating an object to be treated according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a step 1 of bringing the object to be treated, which has a metal layer containing at least one selected from the group consisting of molybdenum and tungsten, into contact with a first treatment liquid to form a metal oxide layer, and a step 2 of bringing the object to be treated, which has the metal oxide layer, into contact with a second treatment liquid to remove the metal oxide layer, in which the first treatment liquid contains an organic solvent and an oxidizing agent, and the second treatment liquid contains water.

A chemical treatment process has been identified as a simple and effective means of improving the bonding of injection-molded polymer to titanium surfaces. This process forms an oxide layer on a titanium surface that includes a layered double hydroxide. The layered double hydroxide both raises the bond strength and minimizes air or water leakage. The process enables the use of titanium alloys with injection molded polymer structural bonds in strong, lightweight, and water-resistant enclosures for consumer electronics.