Galvanic anodes and barrier corrosion control for metal pipelines, tanks, and equipment under thermal insulation includes the use of pure aluminum and aluminum alloys in fresh water at high temperatures to protect steel elements in hot water without sufficient chlorides. Sacrificial aluminum and sacrificial zinc-aluminum powders in a mixed primer provide long-term, effective corrosion control of steel under thermal insulation can be achieved in all water temperature ranges regardless of the presence of sufficient chlorides. At temperatures below 75 C., the zinc particles in the primer act to protect the substrate steel. At temperatures above 75 C., the aluminum particles in the primer, and galvanic aluminum tape protect the substrate steel in chloride free neutral pH water and also reduce the consumption of zinc particles in the primer. When the electrolyte water for CUI is sufficiently contaminated with chlorides, the aluminum particles in the primer and the galvanic aluminum become active.

Galvanic anodes and barrier corrosion control for metal pipelines, tanks, and equipment under thermal insulation includes the use of pure aluminum and aluminum alloys in fresh water at high temperatures to protect steel elements in hot water without sufficient chlorides. Sacrificial aluminum and sacrificial zinc-aluminum powders in a mixed primer provide long-term, effective corrosion control of steel under thermal insulation can be achieved in all water temperature ranges regardless of the presence of sufficient chlorides. At temperatures below 75 C., the zinc particles in the primer act to protect the substrate steel. At temperatures above 75 C., the aluminum particles in the primer, and galvanic aluminum tape protect the substrate steel in chloride free neutral pH water and also reduce the consumption of zinc particles in the primer. When the electrolyte water for CUI is sufficiently contaminated with chlorides, the aluminum particles in the primer and the galvanic aluminum become active.

A galvanic anode system for the corrosion protection of steel in concrete includes a galvanic anode material, which includes of zinc and alloys thereof, embedded in a solid electrolyte, and is characterized in that the galvanically available surface is larger, preferably at least twice as large, as the total geometrical surface of the metal anode. The galvanic anode system is also characterized in that, during operation, during which the anode disintegrates as a sacrificial anode, the galvanically active anode surface is reduced only slightly, preferably is not reduced up to at least 50%, in particular 75%, of the time during use.

A corrosion protection cathode using an external power supply in which a reinforcing layer formed of a fiber base material is laminated with an adhesive layer on one surface of a conductive layer formed of a graphite sheet, and an electrolyte layer of an electrolyte-containing resin formed in a sheet shape and having adhesive power such that the layer is capable of being adhered to the conductive layer and to a surface layer of an object to be protected from corrosion is adhered by the adhesive power thereof to the other surface of the conductive layer, wherein the conductive layer always has a resistance value of 4 or less between any two points on the surface thereof on a side that comes into contact with the electrolyte layer.

Provided are an aluminum cladding material having excellent corrosion resistance, a production method therefor, an aluminum cladding material for heat exchangers having excellent corrosion resistance, a production method therefor, an aluminum heat exchanger using said aluminum cladding material for heat exchangers, and a production method therefor. Said aluminum cladding material comprises an aluminum alloy core material and a sacrificial anode material layer clad on at least one surface thereof. The sacrificial anode material layer comprises an aluminum alloy containing 0.10 mass % or more and less than 1.50 mass % Si, 0.10 to 2.00 mass % Mg. Present therein is 100 to 150000 pieces/mm.sup.2 of MgSi-based crystallized product having a circle-equivalent diameter of 0.1 to 5.0 m, 7 pieces/mm.sup.2 or less of MgSi-based crystallized product having a circle-equivalent diameter of more than 5.0 m and 10.0 m or less in the sacrificial anode material layer.

A fuel cell system (100) having a fuel cell stack (10) and a fuel cell cooling system (40) to cool the fuel cell stack (10), including a coolant path (4) into which the fuel cell stack (10) is integrated so as to transfer heat and in which at least one cooler (43) or heat exchanger is arranged. It is provided that the at least one cooler (43) or heat exchanger that does not have shock-hazard protection is interconnected so as to establish equipotential bonding (47), whereby at least one control element is arranged in the connection of the at least one cooler (43) or heat exchanger to equipotential bonding (47). Moreover, a vehicle having such a fuel cell system (100) is disclosed.

A fuel cell system (100) having a fuel cell stack (10) and a fuel cell cooling system (40) to cool the fuel cell stack (10), including a coolant path (4) into which the fuel cell stack (10) is integrated so as to transfer heat and in which at least one cooler (43) or heat exchanger is arranged. It is provided that the at least one cooler (43) or heat exchanger that does not have shock-hazard protection is interconnected so as to establish equipotential bonding (47), whereby at least one control element is arranged in the connection of the at least one cooler (43) or heat exchanger to equipotential bonding (47). Moreover, a vehicle having such a fuel cell system (100) is disclosed.

Provided is a CFRP active-passive-confined compression-cast RC column incorporating cathodic protection, which includes a CFRP pipe; multiple longitudinal reinforcements inside the CFRP pipe; a stirrup inside the CFRP pipe connected to the longitudinal reinforcements; compression-cast concrete arranged in the CFRP pipe, the multiple longitudinal reinforcements and the stirrup are embedded in the compression-cast concrete; a power supply having a positive electrode connected to the CFRP pipe and a negative electrode connected to the multiple longitudinal reinforcements. The CFRP pipe with a present thickness forms an active confinement on the compression-cast concrete, and the power supply applies a current to the CFRP pipe as an anode to enable the multiple longitudinal reinforcements to obtain electrons, thus stably protecting the multiple longitudinal reinforcements as a cathode.

Provided is a CFRP active-passive-confined compression-cast RC column incorporating cathodic protection, which includes a CFRP pipe; multiple longitudinal reinforcements inside the CFRP pipe; a stirrup inside the CFRP pipe connected to the longitudinal reinforcements; compression-cast concrete arranged in the CFRP pipe, the multiple longitudinal reinforcements and the stirrup are embedded in the compression-cast concrete; a power supply having a positive electrode connected to the CFRP pipe and a negative electrode connected to the multiple longitudinal reinforcements. The CFRP pipe with a present thickness forms an active confinement on the compression-cast concrete, and the power supply applies a current to the CFRP pipe as an anode to enable the multiple longitudinal reinforcements to obtain electrons, thus stably protecting the multiple longitudinal reinforcements as a cathode.

Provided is a CFRP active-passive-confined compression-cast RC column incorporating cathodic protection, which includes a CFRP pipe; multiple longitudinal reinforcements inside the CFRP pipe; a stirrup inside the CFRP pipe connected to the longitudinal reinforcements; compression-cast concrete arranged in the CFRP pipe, the multiple longitudinal reinforcements and the stirrup are embedded in the compression-cast concrete; a power supply having a positive electrode connected to the CFRP pipe and a negative electrode connected to the multiple longitudinal reinforcements. The CFRP pipe with a present thickness forms an active confinement on the compression-cast concrete, and the power supply applies a current to the CFRP pipe as an anode to enable the multiple longitudinal reinforcements to obtain electrons, thus stably protecting the multiple longitudinal reinforcements as a cathode.