System and method relates to an advanced manufactured vapor-fed electrochemical reactor (AM-VFR) system comprising a cathode gas compartment comprising a first inlet, and a first outlet, a catholyte compartment having a centrally located window for a cathode and a membrane, a second inlet, a second outlet, and a reference electrode, an anolyte compartment having a centrally located window for the membrane and an anode, a third inlet and a third outlet and an anode gas compartment having a fourth inlet and a fourth outlet, wherein the cathode, wherein the cathode is disposed between the cathode gas compartment and the catholyte compartment, wherein the membrane is disposed between the catholyte compartment and the anolyte compartment, wherein the anode is disposed between the anolyte compartment and the anode gas compartment, and wherein one or more of the cathode gas compartment, the catholyte compartment, the anolyte compartment and the anode gas compartment are made of a 3D printing plastic. Methods for making and using the system are also disclosed.

A cathode catalyst layer includes a cathode catalyst to hydrogenate a substance to be hydrogenated, a porous catalyst support supporting the cathode catalyst, and a non-porous body including an aggregate of arbitrary primary particles. A volume fraction of the non-porous body in the cathode catalyst layer is higher than 10 vol % with respect to the volume of the total solid content of the cathode catalyst layer.

A cathode catalyst layer includes a cathode catalyst to hydrogenate a substance to be hydrogenated, a porous catalyst support supporting the cathode catalyst, and a non-porous body including an aggregate of arbitrary primary particles. A volume fraction of the non-porous body in the cathode catalyst layer is higher than 10 vol % with respect to the volume of the total solid content of the cathode catalyst layer.

The present disclosure relates to a catalyst for electrochemical synthesis of ammonia, which includes a metal sulfide, a method for preparing the same and a method for regenerating the same.

The present disclosure relates to a catalyst for electrochemical synthesis of ammonia, which includes a metal sulfide, a method for preparing the same and a method for regenerating the same.

The present invention relates to a one-step process for preparation of “in-situ” or “ex-situ” self-organized and electrically conducting polymer nanocomposites using thermally initiated polymerization of a halogenated 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomer or its derivatives. This approach does not require additional polymerization initiators or catalysts, produce gaseous products that are naturally removed without affecting the polymer matrix, and do not leave by-product contaminants. It is demonstrated that self-polymerization of halogenated 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomer is not affected by the presence of a solid-state phase in the form of nanoparticles and results in formation of 3,4-polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) nanocomposites.

The present invention relates to a one-step process for preparation of “in-situ” or “ex-situ” self-organized and electrically conducting polymer nanocomposites using thermally initiated polymerization of a halogenated 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomer or its derivatives. This approach does not require additional polymerization initiators or catalysts, produce gaseous products that are naturally removed without affecting the polymer matrix, and do not leave by-product contaminants. It is demonstrated that self-polymerization of halogenated 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomer is not affected by the presence of a solid-state phase in the form of nanoparticles and results in formation of 3,4-polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) nanocomposites.

The embodiments provide an electrode catalyst layer for reduction of carbon dioxide, a carbon dioxide reduction electrode, and a carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus. The catalyst layer is made to exhibit high partial current density and to endure a long-term operation by controlling the wettability. The catalyst layer comprises a metallic catalyst supported on carbon material, an ion-conductive material, and a hydrophilic polymer; and is characterized in that a BET specific surface area (A.sub.N2) of said catalyst layer determined by nitrogen gas-adsorption and a BET specific surface area (A.sub.H2O) of said catalyst layer determined by water vapor-adsorption are in a ratio (A.sub.H2O/A.sub.N2) of 0.08 or less.

A hydrogen fueling system for generating hydrogen on demand is described. The system includes an electrolyzer configured to generate at least a predetermined quantity of hydrogen in a predetermined time when operated at no less than a predetermined current density and provided with at least a predetermined electrical energy over the predetermined time, where the predetermined quantity of hydrogen is at least 1 kg of hydrogen, the predetermined time is no more than 30 minutes, and the predetermined current density is at least 5 A/cm.sup.2. The system may further include an electrical energy storage system electrically connected to the electrolyzer and capable of supplying at least 20% of the predetermined electrical energy over the predetermined time. The electrolyzer may include an anode including a plurality of acicular particles dispersed in an ionomer binder, where the acicular particles include iridium.

A hydrogen fueling system for generating hydrogen on demand is described. The system includes an electrolyzer configured to generate at least a predetermined quantity of hydrogen in a predetermined time when operated at no less than a predetermined current density and provided with at least a predetermined electrical energy over the predetermined time, where the predetermined quantity of hydrogen is at least 1 kg of hydrogen, the predetermined time is no more than 30 minutes, and the predetermined current density is at least 5 A/cm.sup.2. The system may further include an electrical energy storage system electrically connected to the electrolyzer and capable of supplying at least 20% of the predetermined electrical energy over the predetermined time. The electrolyzer may include an anode including a plurality of acicular particles dispersed in an ionomer binder, where the acicular particles include iridium.