A medical product and a method of surface treatment and/or manufacture of a medical product. The medical product includes a metal or an alloy or consists of a metal or an alloy. The method includes the following steps: a) dulling a surface of the medical product, b) electropolishing the dulled surface of the medical product, c) electrochemically etching the dulled and electropolished surface of the medical product and d) electropolishing the dulled, electropolished and electrochemically etched surface of the medical product. The medical product has at least one of the following features: a pitting corrosion potential of 100 mV to 1200 mV, and/or a contact angle of 80° to 140°, and/or a passive layer having a thickness of 1 nm to 10 nm, which coats at least sections of the surface of the medical product.

A method for producing a grain oriented electrical steel sheet includes a decarburization annealing process where an oxidation degree PH.sub.2O/PH.sub.2 is controlled, an annealing separator applying process where a mass ratio of MgO and Al.sub.2O.sub.3 in an annealing separator is controlled, a final annealing process where hydrogen in mixed gas atmosphere is controlled to 50 volume % or more, an annealing separator removing process where water-washing is conducted using solution with inhibitor, a smoothing process where chemical-polished is conducted to control average roughness Ra, and an insulation coating forming process where insulation coating forming solution in which crystalline phosphide is included is applied.

[Problem] To propose a stainless steel structure excellent in hydrogen embrittlement resistance and corrosion resistance, being high in mass productivity, simple in device structure, low in equipment cost, and having a high cost advantage, and a method for manufacturing the same.

[Solving means] It is stainless steel having hydrogen embrittlement resistance and corrosion resistance, a surface of electrolytically polished stainless steel being coated with a film obtained by passivating a metal oxide formed by a wet process, wherein the film thickness of the film obtained by passivating the metal oxide formed by a wet process is greater than 100 nm. A hydrogen permeability ratio (film-formed product/film-unformed product) is equal to or less than 2.0×10.sup.−2, and a relative reduction of area (under a hydrogen atmosphere of 110 MPa/under a nitrogen atmosphere of 10 MPa) in an SSRT test is equal to or greater than 0.8. It includes a polishing treatment step, a film-forming step, a curing treatment step, and a passivation treatment step, and the passivation treatment step consists of at least two or more independent passivation treatment steps.

A method of manufacturing golf club heads, and particularly putter heads, using metal injection molding and plasma polishing is disclosed herein. The metal injection molding process is facilitated with a base tool having a golf club head shaped cavity and interchangeable hosel core tools. The use of interchangeable hosel core tools allows a manufacturer to quickly and easily alter the overall shape of the putter head, and greatly reduces the number of base tools needed to create an entire line of putter heads with different hosel designs. This plasma polishing process yields a glossy cosmetic shine appearance, increases corrosion and rust resistance, and provides a smoother surface to which post process operations can adhere.

A preparation method for an iron-based alloy powder EBSD test sample includes the following steps: surface electrolytic activation of an iron-based powder; ultrasonically cleaning the powder, and drying the powder to obtain a surface activated powder; adding the surface activated powder to a chemical embedding solution for ultrasonic dispersion; after the ultrasonic dispersion, performing a plating process; then heating to 80-92° C. for chemical reaction to prepare an iron-based alloy bulk which coated with nickel. The plating process is as follows: still standing, stirring, and repeating the still standing is taken as a cycle, and at least one cycle is performed to complete the plating process. Then grinding and electropolishing are done to the obtained iron-based alloy bulk coated with nickel to obtain the iron-based alloy powder EBSD test sample.

A method for coating a motor vehicle part includes coating and subsequently painting. In the coating, a motor vehicle bodyshell part is coated with a metallic zinc coat as cathodic corrosion protection. In the subsequent painting, the coated motor vehicle bodyshell part is painted. The motor vehicle bodyshell part is chemically polished and/or electrochemically polished prior to the coating with the metallic zinc coat.

A method for coating a motor vehicle part includes coating and subsequently painting. In the coating, a motor vehicle bodyshell part is coated with a metallic zinc coat as cathodic corrosion protection. In the subsequent painting, the coated motor vehicle bodyshell part is painted. The motor vehicle bodyshell part is chemically polished and/or electrochemically polished prior to the coating with the metallic zinc coat.

A test time for measuring hydrogen diffusion in a steel material is improved. The reproducibility of a position where hydrogen exists in the steel material is improved. A control terminal controls a solution supply/discharge control device, a gas supply control device, a first potentiostat/galvanostat, and a second potentiostat/galvanostat on the basis of a predefined procedure, so that a plurality of processing steps, which are performed for analyzing hydrogen diffused from the inside to the surface of a steel material to be measured, are performed continuously. Further, the processing of inactivating the surface of the steel material to be measured is performed before the main processing using a metal ion replacement method, or an inert gas is injected into the solution during the main processing.

Use of dry electrolytes to polish metal surfaces through ion transport. A conductive liquid of the dry electrolyte includes at least a sulfonic acid. According to one embodiment, the porous particles of the dry electrolyte include sulfonate polymer, such as, polystyrene divinylbenzene. According to one embodiment, the conductive liquid of the dry electrolyte includes methane-sulfonic acid. Preferably, the concentration of the sulfonic acid in relation to the solvent is ranging from 1 to 70%. Optionally, the conductive liquid of the dry electrolyte includes a complexing agent and/or a chelating agent.

[Problem] There is provided a colored stainless-steel product having excellent viewing-angle color tone discrimination and excellent corrosion resistance, in which a chemical coloration technique having sophisticated industrial color tone is used. [Solution] The product is a chemically-colored stainless-steel product having an uneven surface formed by a grinding treatment, wherein the 60-degree specular gloss [Gs (60 degrees)] of the uneven surface is 5 to 50. The grinding treatment is performed by a single sandblasting treatment or a combination of the sandblasting treatment and an electrolytic polishing treatment. The sandblasting treatment is performed with a projection material configured from inorganic particles having a Mohs' hardness of at least six. A manufacturing method includes a sandblasting treatment step, an electrolytic polishing treatment step, a coloration treatment step for dipping stainless steel in a coloration treatment solution including a mixed solution of a chromic acid and a sulfuric acid to generate a colored film thereon, and a curing treatment step for dipping the coloration-treated stainless steel in a curing treatment solution including a mixed solution of a chromic acid and a phosphoric acid to cure the colored film.