Methods of using sorbents to enhance the production of hydrogen from fuel, and related systems, are generally described. In some embodiments, the production of hydrogen from the fuel involves a reforming reaction and/or a gasification reaction combined with a water-gas shift reaction.

Provided herein is a dispersion of molten metal in a layer of molten salt for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbon or for the reforming of methane and carbon dioxide into hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide. Also provided is a method for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbon or the reforming of methane and carbon dioxide into hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide by molten metal pyrolysis, that involves (i) feeding a feedstock, including methane and carbon dioxide, into a pyrolysis reactor having molten metal and molten salt; (ii) pyrolyzing the methane and carbon dioxide into hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide by molten metal catalysis; and (iii) collecting a product gas containing hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide that evolves from the reactor.