The invention relates to a gas purifier that removes moisture and oxygen from inert gases and reducing gases, for example, at sub-atmospheric pressures. The purifier can remove part per million levels of moisture in a gas stream to less than 100 parts per trillion by volume, and has a low pressure drop and a sharp breakthrough curve.

The present disclosure is directed to renewable pathways to nitrogen production and ammonia (NH.sub.3) synthesis that utilize renewable heat as process heat instead of fossil fuels and operates at low to medium pressures (from 0.2-3 MPa). The renewable pathways result in both a decrease or elimination of greenhouse gas emissions as well as avoid the cost, complexity and safety issues inherent in high-pressure processes. Renewable thermochemical looping technology is used that produces nitrogen from air for the subsequent production of ammonia via an advanced two-stage process.