Method for controlling an ammonia synthesis converter or a methanol synthesis converter during intermittent availability of a renewable power-dependent hydrogen feed, wherein under a limited or no availability of power the converter effluent is recycled back to the inlet of said converter in a loop, and heated to keep said converter in a hot stand-by mode wherein the temperature in the reaction space remains within a target range.

A process for synthesis of ammonia including generation of makeup gas in a frontend and conversion of said makeup gas in an ammonia synthesis loop including a circulator, a converter, a condensation section and a liquid ammonia separation section, including: when the loop operates at a partial load and a flow rate of makeup gas transferred from the front end to the synthesis loop is reduced, the loop is controlled by separating a gas stream from a converter feed line at a point upstream of the converter thus forming a bypass stream, reintroducing said bypass stream at the suction side of the circulator or at a point of the loop downstream of said separation section.

A method and an apparatus for a cooling of an electroyzer unit is described. The apparatus receives a temperature value associated with ambient air in proximal to the electrolyzer unit. The apparatus compares the temperature value with a predefined temperature threshold. The apparatus controls a supply of a liquid air stream from an air separation unit to a first heat exchanger unit based on the comparison. The apparatus control the first heat exchanger unit to mix the liquid air stream with the ambient air. The mixing of the liquid air stream and the ambient air causes transfer of heat therebetween. The apparatus controls a cooling of the electrolyzer unit based on the mixing.

The disclosure pertains to a plant for the production of ammonia. The ammonia is produced from hydrogen obtained by electrolysis of water. The electrolysis is powered by a renewable source of energy, complemented with power obtained from the plant during periods of low or no availability of the renewable energy. To this end, the plant is configured such that it can be operated in a charge configuration (obtaining and storing power) and a discharge configuration (employing said power).

A method for controlling a synthesis loop for production of a chemical product, such as ammonia or methanol, wherein a feed rate of the loop depends on at least one source of renewable energy, the pressure of the loop and the delivery rate of a makeup compressor and of a circulation compressor are continuously controlled to follow the variable rate of the feed while maintaining the loop pressure within a target deviation from a design loop pressure.

The present disclosure relates to a process for operating an ammonia synthesis plant, wherein the ammonia synthesis plant has a recirculation circuit, wherein the recirculation circuit comprises a converter, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, an ammonia separator, a compressor and a reactant feed, characterized in that the recirculation circuit comprises a heating element, wherein in case of partial plant utilization the heating power of the heating element is subjected to closed-loop control according to the reactant gas amount supplied via the reactant feed.

Method for the control of pressure in a loop for the preparation of ammonia or methanol by means of an anti-surge control valve of a compressor and/or a compressor flow regulation valve for the recirculation of loop recirculation gas at variating flow supply of fresh synthesis gas.

A method for the control of pressure in a loop for the preparation of ammonia or methanol by using an anti-surge control valve of a compressor and/or a compressor flow regulation valve for the recirculation of loop recirculation gas at variating flow supply of fresh synthesis gas.

An ammonia synthesis converter for small production units which provides full access for routine maintenance and catalyst replacement while providing adequate catalyst pressure drop to ensure kinetic performance and reduce heat leak from the catalyst beds. A shell has a removable top head and an annular basket is removably mounted in the shell. First and second catalyst beds are disposed in side-by-side catalyst pods in the annular zone of the basket extending substantially a height of the basket for axial down-flow in series. A quench gas is introduced into effluent from the first catalyst bed and the resulting mixture flows through the annular zone into a top of the second catalyst bed. A feed-effluent interchanger in the inner basket zone is adapted to receive effluent from the second catalyst bed and indirectly heat a feed to the first catalyst bed. Also, methods of operating and servicing the converter.