A system and method for applying an advanced oxidation process to a UV fluid reactor. An L-shaped electrode is connected to a UV reactor hatch and inserted into the reactor upstream from a UV radiation source.

Reactive oxygen species formulations as well as methods for making and using such formulations. Reactive oxygen species formulations comprising one or more parent oxidants, such as peroxides, or peroxyacids, and one or more reactive oxygen species. (ROS). The formulations optionally contain in addition one or more reactive species other than ROS. The reactive oxygen species and other reactive species when present provide chemical reactivity, oxidative activity and/or antimicrobial activity not provided otherwise by the parent oxidant.

In a submerged discharge device, a pair of electrodes is arranged in a liquid in a reservoir to receive an alternating voltage from an alternating power source, thereby generating a submerged discharge using a discharger arranged in the liquid between the pair of electrodes. A surface of this pair of electrodes has a coating that ensures the submerged discharge generated by the discharger. This may reduce the area of contact between the surface of the pair of electrodes and the liquid in the treatment vessel to reduce the consumption of the pair of electrodes.

Generating hydrogen peroxide in situ in a water environment to mitigate biofouling of a water sensor. A hydrogen peroxide generator submerged in the water environment generates hydrogen peroxide to remove/mitigate biofouling of the water sensor. The water sensor may be an electrochemical sensor and the hydrogen peroxide generator may be an electrochemical system that is integrated with the sensor. The water sensor may be able to operate without interference from the generated hydrogen peroxide.

Electrochemical devices capable of converting acidic aqueous byproducts of strained yogurt production into value-added materials, as well as methods of making and using these devices, are described herein. Assembly of an electrolytic cell or series of cells that contain an anode that oxidizes organic substances in the aqueous byproduct stream and a cathode that either reduces organic species or water is described. Electrolysis serves to break down the organic matter present in the liquid, such as lactic acid and lactose, as well as aid in the separation of whey protein matter. Gaseous products of this electrolysis process can be either sold or used in waste-to-energy schemes, thereby introducing an environmentally-friendly method for the electrolytic treatment of acid whey.

A clinical analyser wastewater treatment apparatus is disclosed including a carbonator section. Preferably there is also an anodic oxidation section and a UV oxidation section, as well as a heavy metal removal section. The anodic oxidation section may include a conductive diamond anode. The apparatus may include a measurement device downstream of the carbonator section and a control system to control the operation of the carbonator. The measurement device is preferably a pH sensor.

Contaminants are filtered from a fluid flow stream and the filter is regenerated by a process including steps of: providing a filter material comprising both carbon and potassium iodide; passing a contaminated fluid stream in contact with the filter material; adsorbing contaminants from the fluid stream onto surfaces in the filter material; passing an electric current through the filter material with adsorbed contaminant thereon; disassociating contaminant from the surfaces of the filter material; and removing disassociated contaminant from the filter material by carrying away the disassociated contaminant in a fluid flow mass.

A dielectric assembly for generating ozone includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a dielectric for generating the ozone, and a knob adapted to extend outside of a housing into which the dielectric assembly is to be placed. A system is also provided for sanitizing and deodorizing water, food, surfaces and air including a microbiological reduction filter device having an input connected to a water supply, a venturi injector disposed within a housing and connected to an output of the microbiological reduction filter device which generates ozone and mixes the generated ozone with the water, and an electrode assembly comprising a plurality of electrodes, a dielectric for generating the ozone, and a knob extending outside of the housing. The dielectric in a first embodiment and the entire dielectric assembly in a second embodiment can be removed from the housing and replaced in its entirety by the knob.

A composite water purification apparatus and method thereof are provided. The composite water purification apparatus includes a container, a sacrificial anode, a photocatalyst anode and a cathode. The container is employed for receiving liquid including water and gas. The photocatalyst anode includes a photocatalyst for conducting a photocatalytic reaction. The cathode is electrolyzed with the sacrificial anode and the photocatalyst anode. The cathode, the sacrificial anode, and the photocatalyst anode are immersed in the container to contact the liquid. The present invention enhances the purity of the water, while prolonging the service life of the sacrificial anode.

A method, comprising: contacting a composition comprising metal oxide-based nanofilaments to an initial sample that comprises a metal ion and/or a metal under such conditions that at least some of the metal ion and/or the metal associates with the metal oxide nanofilaments, the metal oxide nanofilaments having a lepidocrocite structure and the metal oxide nanofilaments optionally comprising titanium, and optionally comprising illuminating the composition and metal oxide nanofilaments and/or metal.