A method of forming an imaging fibre apparatus comprises: arranging core rods 102 and cladding rods 104 to form at least one primary stack 100a, each primary stack 100a comprising a plurality of core rods 102 and cladding rods 104 arranged in a stack arrangement thereby to form a plurality of core regions within a cladding region; performing a drawing process to form a plurality of drawn stacks from the at least one primary stack; wherein the plurality of core rods and cladding rods are further arranged to have a selected shape such that the plurality of stacks stack together in a desired arrangement and wherein the stack arrangement comprises an at least partial outer layer of cladding rods thereby to provide separation between core regions of respective adjacent stacks when stacked in the desired arrangement, the method further comprising: stacking the plurality of drawn stacks together in the desired arrangement to form a further stack; drawing the further stack; and using the drawn further stack to form an imaging fibre apparatus.

A method of forming an imaging fibre apparatus comprises: arranging core rods 102 and cladding rods 104 to form at least one primary stack 100a, each primary stack 100a comprising a plurality of core rods 102 and cladding rods 104 arranged in a stack arrangement thereby to form a plurality of core regions within a cladding region; performing a drawing process to form a plurality of drawn stacks from the at least one primary stack; wherein the plurality of core rods and cladding rods are further arranged to have a selected shape such that the plurality of stacks stack together in a desired arrangement and wherein the stack arrangement comprises an at least partial outer layer of cladding rods thereby to provide separation between core regions of respective adjacent stacks when stacked in the desired arrangement, the method further comprising: stacking the plurality of drawn stacks together in the desired arrangement to form a further stack; drawing the further stack; and using the drawn further stack to form an imaging fibre apparatus.

Optical waveguide cores having refractive index profiles that vary angularly about a propagation axis of the core can provide single-mode operation with larger core diameters than conventional waveguides. In one representative embodiment, an optical waveguide comprises a core that extends along a propagation axis and has a refractive index profile that varies angularly about the propagation axis. The optical waveguide can also comprise a cladding disposed about the core and extending along the propagation axis. The refractive index profile of the core can vary angularly along a length of the propagation axis.

Optical waveguide cores having refractive index profiles that vary angularly about a propagation axis of the core can provide single-mode operation with larger core diameters than conventional waveguides. In one representative embodiment, an optical waveguide comprises a core that extends along a propagation axis and has a refractive index profile that varies angularly about the propagation axis. The optical waveguide can also comprise a cladding disposed about the core and extending along the propagation axis. The refractive index profile of the core can vary angularly along a length of the propagation axis.

The present invention relates to the field of special glass materials and preparation, in particular to a glass composition resistant to ion bombardment, a cladding glass of microchannel plate, a microchannel plate and a preparing method thereof. The coordination between the components and the adjustment of the dosage, in particular, oxides with high bond energy containing scandium and/or strontium and/or zirconium and/or molybdenum, can be introduced into the glass material, so as to improve the surface binding energy (SBE), thereby improving the ion bombardment resistance of the glass material and significantly prolonging the working life of the microchannel plate during detecting high-energy ions directly, while meeting other necessary properties such as good anti-crystallization, good acid and alkali resistance, appropriate softening temperature, thermal expansion coefficient, and bulk resistance, etc.

The present invention relates to the field of special glass materials and preparation, in particular to a glass composition resistant to ion bombardment, a cladding glass of microchannel plate, a microchannel plate and a preparing method thereof. The coordination between the components and the adjustment of the dosage, in particular, oxides with high bond energy containing scandium and/or strontium and/or zirconium and/or molybdenum, can be introduced into the glass material, so as to improve the surface binding energy (SBE), thereby improving the ion bombardment resistance of the glass material and significantly prolonging the working life of the microchannel plate during detecting high-energy ions directly, while meeting other necessary properties such as good anti-crystallization, good acid and alkali resistance, appropriate softening temperature, thermal expansion coefficient, and bulk resistance, etc.

Optical waveguide cores having refractive index profiles that vary angularly about a propagation axis of the core can provide single-mode operation with larger core diameters than conventional waveguides. In one representative embodiment, an optical waveguide comprises a core that extends along a propagation axis and has a refractive index profile that varies angularly about the propagation axis. The optical waveguide can also comprise a cladding disposed about the core and extending along the propagation axis. The refractive index profile of the core can vary angularly along a length of the propagation axis.

Optical waveguide cores having refractive index profiles that vary angularly about a propagation axis of the core can provide single-mode operation with larger core diameters than conventional waveguides. In one representative embodiment, an optical waveguide comprises a core that extends along a propagation axis and has a refractive index profile that varies angularly about the propagation axis. The optical waveguide can also comprise a cladding disposed about the core and extending along the propagation axis. The refractive index profile of the core can vary angularly along a length of the propagation axis.

A carbon fiber bundle forming method, wherein the at least one carbon fiber bundle can be evenly heated since it is heated with microwave in the first and second microwave steps. Besides, the at least one carbon fiber bundle is treated in the laser step, laser can reach into the interior of the at least one carbon fiber bundle to enable the carbonization and graphitization to take place more evenly, then the carbon fiber bundle is treated in the subsequent roughening treatment step, the resin forming step and the semi-cure forming step, so that the interior of the at least one carbon fiber bundle can be heated evenly, which allows the at least one carbon fiber bundle to be carbonized evenly.

An organic-inorganic composite, including: a discontinuous phase having a plurality of adjacent and similarly oriented fibers of an inorganic material; and a continuous organic phase having a thermoplastic polymer, such that the continuous organic phase surrounds the plurality of adjacent and similarly oriented fibers of the inorganic material, and the organic-inorganic composite is a plurality of adjacent and similarly oriented fibers of inorganic material contained within a similarly oriented host fiber of the thermoplastic polymer. Also disclosed are methods of making and using the composite.