An amorphous alloy contains Ni and Nb and has a composition including at least one of: a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 35.6 atomic % to 75.1 atomic %, Ir with a content in the range of 7.2 atomic % to 52.3 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 4.0 atomic % to 48.5 atomic %; a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 19.6 atomic % to 80.9 atomic %, Re with a content in the range of 7.4 atomic % to 59.2 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 4.1 atomic % to 56.9 atomic %; and a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 7.5 atomic % to 52.9 atomic %, W with a content in the range of 16.4 atomic % to 47.0 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 22.0 atomic % to 53.3 atomic %.

A mold with a multi-layer coating is disclosed. The mold may include a mold body having an outer surface and a multi-layer coating disposed on the outer surface. The multi-layer coating may include a diffusion barrier layer disposed on the outer surface of the mold body and an intermetallic layer disposed on the diffusion barrier layer, wherein the intermetallic layer comprises Ti, Al, and an additional metal selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ta, Nb, Y, Mo, Hf, and combinations thereof. The diffusion barrier layer may restrict diffusion of metal from the mold body to the intermetallic layer.

Systems and methods for texturing substrates (e.g., glass, metal, and the like) and the textured substrates produced using such systems and methods are disclosed. An exemplary textured substrate includes a surface having a portion with a root-mean-square roughness between 40 to 1000 microns and an autocorrelation function greater than 0.5 for distances less than 50 microns. An exemplary system for texturing a substrate includes a plunger with a textured surface, where a portion of the textured surface has a root-mean-square roughness between 40 to 1000 microns and an autocorrelation function greater than 0.5 for distances less than 50 microns. An exemplary method for texturing a substrate includes the steps of generating a pattern defining a texture, and 3-D printing the pattern on the substrate to form the texture.

Precision glass molds are described, which are formed by coating a mold made from high purity, fine grain sized graphite, with a coating including titanium. In various implementations, the titanium coating is overcoated with yttria (Y.sub.2O.sub.3) to provide a high precision glass mold of superior performance character. The resultant glass molds can be used to form glass articles having a highly smooth finish, for high precision applications such as consumer electronic device applications, medical instruments, and optical devices. The use of high purity, fine grain size graphite allows molds to be machined at low cost, thereby eliminating the need to fabricate a metal mold that must be coated with multiple layers including metal diffusion barrier layers to meet operational requirements for such precision applications.

In a method of making pixelated scintillators, an amorphous scintillator material in a molten state is pressed into a plurality of cavities defined by a plurality of walls of a mesh array. The molten scintillator material in the plurality of cavities is cooled to form a pixelated scintillator array. An x-ray imager including a pixelated scintillator is also described.

In a method of making pixelated scintillators, an amorphous scintillator material in a molten state is pressed into a plurality of cavities defined by a plurality of walls of a mesh array. The molten scintillator material in the plurality of cavities is cooled to form a pixelated scintillator array. An x-ray imager including a pixelated scintillator is also described.

An amorphous alloy contains Ni and Nb and has a composition including at least one of: a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 35.6 atomic % to 75.1 atomic %, Ir with a content in the range of 7.2 atomic % to 52.3 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 4.0 atomic % to 48.5 atomic %; a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 19.6 atomic % to 80.9 atomic %, Re with a content in the range of 7.4 atomic % to 59.2 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 4.1 atomic % to 56.9 atomic %; and a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 7.5 atomic % to 52.9 atomic %, W with a content in the range of 16.4 atomic % to 47.0 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 22.0 atomic % to 53.3 atomic %.

An amorphous alloy contains Ni and Nb and has a composition including at least one of: a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 35.6 atomic % to 75.1 atomic %, Ir with a content in the range of 7.2 atomic % to 52.3 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 4.0 atomic % to 48.5 atomic %; a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 19.6 atomic % to 80.9 atomic %, Re with a content in the range of 7.4 atomic % to 59.2 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 4.1 atomic % to 56.9 atomic %; and a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 7.5 atomic % to 52.9 atomic %, W with a content in the range of 16.4 atomic % to 47.0 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 22.0 atomic % to 53.3 atomic %.

A mold with a multi-layer coating is disclosed. The mold may include a mold body having an outer surface and a multi-layer coating disposed on the outer surface. The multi-layer coating may include a diffusion barrier layer disposed on the outer surface of the mold body and an intermetallic layer disposed on the diffusion barrier layer, wherein the intermetallic layer comprises Ti, Al, and an additional metal selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ta, Nb, Y, Mo, Hf, and combinations thereof The diffusion barrier layer may restrict diffusion of metal from the mold body to the intermetallic layer.

Systems and methods for texturing substrates (e.g., glass, metal, and the like) and the textured substrates produced using such systems and methods are disclosed. An exemplary system for texturing a substrate includes a first roller and a second roller. The first roller has a first textured surface. The first textured surface has a root mean square roughness between 40 to 1000 microns and an autocorrelation function greater than 0.5 for distances less than 50 microns.