A coated substrate includes a coating, wherein the coating includes, starting from the substrate in this order: a. a layer of diamond-like carbon, b. a metallic multi-ply layer, wherein the metallic multi-ply layer contains b1) tin and at least one alloying element for tin, or b2) magnesium and at least one alloying element for magnesium, wherein the metallic multi-ply layer is formed from two, three, or more plies, wherein one or more plies contain tin and one or more plies made of at least one alloying element for tin selected from antimony, copper, lead, silver, indium, gallium and/or germanium, are arranged alternatingly, or wherein one or more plies contain magnesium and one or more plies made of at least one alloying element for magnesium selected from aluminum, bismuth, manganese, copper, cadmium, iron, strontium, zirconium, thorium, lithium, nickel, lead, silver, chromium, silicon, tin, gadolinium, yttrium, calcium and/or antimony, are arranged alternatingly.

The invention refers to a process to produce a scratch resistant functional product comprising the following steps: providing a flat glass substrate having a surface to be coated and depositing a multilayered coating on the surface in corresponding sequence coming from the surface: a functional layer stack (11, 11′, 11″) comprising at least one metallic silver inclusive layer (2, 4) sandwiched between two dielectric layers (1, 3, 5); a transition metal (TM) inclusive layer (6) comprising carbon in a molar amount, which at least in the region of a final surface of the TM inclusive layer equals at least the molar metal amount of the TM inclusive layer in the respective region; a hydrogen containing DLC (DLCH) layer (7) in direct contact to the final surface of the TM inclusive layer as an outermost layer of the coating.

A method for forming a pressure sensor is provided wherein an optical fibre is provided, the optical fibre comprising a core, a cladding surrounding the core, and a birefringence structure for inducing birefringence in the core. The birefringence structure comprises first and second holes enclosed within the cladding and extending parallel to the core. A portion of the optical fibre comprising the core and the birefringence structure is encased within a chamber, wherein the chamber is defined by a housing comprising a pressure transfer element for equalising pressure between the inside and the outside of the housing. An optical sensor is provided along the core of the optical fibre. Providing the optical sensor comprises optically inducing stress in the core so that the optical sensor exhibits intrinsic birefringence. The chamber is filled with a substantially non-compressible fluid. Consequently, the birefringence structure is shaped so as to convert an external pressure provided by the non-compressible fluid within the chamber to an anisotropic stress in the optical sensor.

A process for obtaining a material including a substrate coated on one of its sides with a coating including a functional layer, includes depositing the functional layer on the substrate, then depositing an absorbent layer on top of the functional layer, then performing a heat treatment by radiation, the radiation having at least one treatment wavelength between 200 and 2500 nm, the absorbent layer being in contact with air during the heat treatment, wherein the ab sorb ent layer ab sorbs at least 80% of the radiation used during the heat treatment and transmits less than 10% thereof.

The present invention aims to provide a vehicular exterior member that is excellent in strength and cost, and sufficiently ensures a viewing field of sharpness of a thermal image obtained by a far-infrared camera. A vehicular exterior member that includes a light blocking region and is configured to be attached to a vehicle equipped with a far-infrared camera. The vehicular exterior member further includes, in the light blocking region, a far-infrared ray transmitting region having an opening and a far-infrared ray transmitting member disposed in the opening. An average transmittance of far-infrared rays having a wavelength ranging from 8 to 13 μm of the far-infrared ray transmitting member is equal to or larger than 25%. A length of the longest straight line in straight lines connecting any desired two points on a surface on a vehicle exterior side of the far-infrared ray transmitting member is equal to or smaller than 80 mm. A diameter of the largest circle in circles formed in a projected shape obtained by projecting the far-infrared ray transmitting member in an optical axis direction of the far-infrared camera is equal to or larger than 12 mm. An average thickness of the far-infrared ray transmitting member is equal to or larger than 1.5 mm.

Articles and methods regarding composite conductor materials comprising a first conductive material layer and a first carbonaceous material layer. In certain embodiments, the first carbonaceous material layer comprises an sp2 hybridized carbon compound. In certain embodiments, the electrical conductivity of the composite conductive material can be controlled and exhibits a conductivity at least 1.5% greater than the conductivity of the first conductive material layer alone.

A method of forming a graphene device includes: providing a glass substrate with a blocking layer disposed thereon to form a stack; providing a first electrode and a second electrode; increasing the temperature of the stack to at least 100° C.; applying an external electric field (V.sub.P) to the first electrode such that at least one metal ion of the glass substrate migrates toward the first electrode to create a depletion region in the glass substrate adjacent the second electrode; decreasing the temperature of the stack to room temperature while applying the external electric field to the first electrode; and after reaching room temperature, setting the external electric field to zero to create a frozen voltage region adjacent the second electrode.

The invention refers to a process to produce a scratch resistant functional product comprising the following steps: providing a flat glass substrate having a surface to be coated and depositing a multilayered coating on the surface in corresponding sequence coming from the surface: a functional layer stack (11, 11′, 11″) comprising at least one metallic silver inclusive layer (2, 4) sandwiched between two dielectric layers (1, 3, 5); a transition metal (TM) inclusive layer (6) comprising carbon in a molar amount, which at least in the region of a final surface of the TM inclusive layer equals at least the molar metal amount of the TM inclusive layer in the respective region; a hydrogen containing DLC (DLCH) layer (7) in direct contact to the final surface of the TM inclusive layer as an outermost layer of the coating.

A process to produce a scratch resistant coated article includes providing a flat glass substrate having a surface to be coated, and depositing a multilayered coating on the surface in corresponding sequence coming from the surface, a functional layer stack including at least one metallic silver inclusive layer sandwiched between two dielectric layers, a transition metal (TM) inclusive layer including carbon in a molar amount, which at least in a region of an outer surface of the TM inclusive layer equals at least the molar metal amount of TM metals, and a hydrogen containing layer in direct contact to the outer surface of the TM inclusive layer as an outermost layer of the coating.

A coated substrate includes a coating, wherein the coating includes, starting from the substrate in this order: a. a layer of diamond-like carbon, b. a metallic multi-ply layer, wherein the metallic multi-ply layer contains b1) tin and at least one alloying element for tin, or b2) magnesium and at least one alloying element for magnesium, wherein the metallic multi-ply layer is formed from two, three, or more plies, wherein one or more plies contain tin and one or more plies made of at least one alloying element for tin selected from antimony, copper, lead, silver, indium, gallium and/or germanium, are arranged alternatingly, or wherein one or more plies contain magnesium and one or more plies made of at least one alloying element for magnesium selected from aluminum, bismuth, manganese, copper, cadmium, iron, strontium, zirconium, thorium, lithium, nickel, lead, silver, chromium, silicon, tin, gadolinium, yttrium, calcium and/or antimony, are arranged alternatingly.