A mask blank glass substrate having a maximum value of a circularly averaged power spectral density of 1,000 nm.sup.4 or less at a spatial frequency of 0.1 μm.sup.−1 or more and 20 μm.sup.−1 or less, the maximum value being obtained by measuring a surface morphology of a region of 10 μm×10 μm with an atomic force microscope.

A method for plating nickel onto a glass surface of a substrate by sequentially contacting the surface with a solution having an oxidizing agent, a solution containing a silane compound, a Pd/Sn solution, and a nickel ion-containing solution, thereby accomplishing an electroless nickel plating process.

A coated article includes a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface with a solar control coating applied over the first surface or the second surface of the substrate. The solar control coating includes a first silicon aluminum nitride or silicon nitride layer over at least a portion of the substrate; a nickel-chromium alloy layer over and in direct contact with at least a portion of the silicon aluminum nitride or silicon nitride layer; and a second silicon aluminum nitride or silicon nitride layer over and in direct contact with at least a portion of the nickel-chromium alloy layer.

A window structure includes a metal layer that transmits microwave signals and reflects infrared signals. A microwave signal is a signal that has a frequency in the microwave spectrum of frequencies (a.k.a. the microwave frequency spectrum). The microwave frequency spectrum extends from 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). An infrared signal is a signal that has a frequency in the infrared spectrum of frequencies (a.k.a. the infrared frequency spectrum, which extends from 300 GHz to 430 terahertz (THz)). The metal layer may be a discontinuous metal layer that's an electrically discontinuous metal layer and/or a physically discontinuous metal layer.

A laminate includes a transparent substrate having a first surface, and a laminated film provided on the first surface of the transparent substrate, wherein the laminated film includes, in a descending order of closeness to the first surface, a first dielectric layer including silicon nitride or zinc oxide or including silicon nitride and zinc oxide, a first layer including titanium oxide and provided on or above the first dielectric layer, a first barrier layer including nickel and chromium and provided on or above the first layer, and a silver-containing metal layer provided directly on the first barrier layer.

A method for fabricating a structured surface, includes: providing a transparent substrate; disposing a dewettable film over the substrate; annealing the dewettable film to form a plurality of islands; forming a coating over the plurality of islands; and etching the plurality of islands to form a structured array of surface features in the coating. A structured polymer and/or structured glass, includes: a structured array of surface features, such that the structured array of surface features has at least one dimension in a range of 0.5 nm to 5000 nm.

Provided are an adhesion promoting layer, a method for depositing a conductive layer on an inorganic or organic-inorganic hybrid substrate and a conductive structure. The adhesion promoting layer is suitable for depositing a conductive layer on an inorganic or organic-inorganic hybrid substrate, which includes a metal oxide layer and an interface layer. The metal oxide layer is disposed on the inorganic or organic-inorganic hybrid substrate. The interface layer is disposed between the metal oxide layer and the inorganic or organic-inorganic hybrid substrate. The metal oxide layer includes metal oxide and a chelating agent. The interface layer includes the metal oxide, the chelating agent and metal-nonmetal-oxide composite material.

An improved glazing unit including a glass panel which is low in reflectance for RF radiation, a coating system which is high in reflectance for RF radiation disposed on the glass panel and creating onto the glazing unit a dual band bandpass filter. The glazing unit further includes at least one frequencies selective decoated portion of the coating system extending along a plane, P; having a width, DW, and a length, DL. The at least one frequencies selective decoated portion features a first decoated element with a plurality of unit cells, and a plurality of second decoated elements where a second decoated element is placed in a unit cell of the first decoated element, but no second decoated element is in contact with the first decoated element and at least one unit cell of the first decoated element has no second decoated element.

Provided is a functional building material for a door and a window, comprising a transparent substrate and a low-emissivity coating formed on one surface of the transparent substrate, wherein the low-emissivity coating comprises a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, a third dielectric layer, a first low-emissivity protection layer, a low-emissivity layer, a second low-emissivity protection layer, a fourth dielectric layer, a fifth dielectric layer and a sixth dielectric layer which are stacked sequentially from the transparent substrate, wherein the refractive index of the first dielectric layer and the refractive index of the third dielectric layer are each lower than the refractive index of the second dielectric layer, and the refractive index of the fourth dielectric layer and the refractive index of the sixth dielectric layer are each lower than the refractive index of the fifth dielectric layer.

A material includes a transparent substrate on the surface of which is deposited a stack of layers which itself includes a plurality of functional layers making it possible to influence the solar and/or infrared radiation capable of striking said surface. The material has high thermal performance qualities and also an attractive shiny surface appearance of neutral color.