A method for manufacturing a wiring board capable of improving adhesion between an underlayer and a seed layer. An electrically conductive underlayer is disposed on the surface of an insulating substrate and a seed layer containing metal is disposed on the surface of the underlayer to prepare a substrate with seed-layer. A diffusion layer in which elements forming the underlayer and seed layer are mutually diffused is formed between the underlayer and the seed layer, by irradiating the seed layer with a laser beam. A metal layer is formed on the surface of the seed layer by disposing a solid electrolyte membrane between an anode and the seed layer as a cathode and applying voltage between the anode and the underlayer. An exposed portion without the seed layer of the underlayer is removed from the insulating substrate.

A method of manufacturing a glass article comprises: (A) forming a first layer of catalyst metal on a glass substrate; (B) heating the glass substrate; (C) forming a second layer of an alloy of a first metal and a second metal on the first layer; (D) heating the glass substrate, thereby forming a glass article comprising: (i) the glass substrate; (ii) an oxide of the first metal covalently bonded thereto; and (iii) a metallic region bonded to the oxide, the metallic region comprising the catalyst, first, and second metals. In embodiments, the method further comprises (E) forming a third layer of a primary metal on the metallic region; and (F) heating the glass article thereby forming the glass article comprising: (i) the oxide of the first metal covalently bonded the glass substrate; and (ii) a new metallic region bonded to the oxide comprising the catalyst, first, second, and primary metals.

In various embodiments, electronic devices such as touch-panel displays incorporate interconnects featuring a conductor layer and, disposed above the conductor layer, a capping layer comprising an alloy of Cu and one or more refractory metal elements selected from the group consisting of Ta, Nb, Mo, W, Zr, Hf, Re, Os, Ru, Rh, Ti, V, Cr, and Ni.

An article can include a non-light-emitting, variable transmission device and a coating disposed between the non-light-emitting, variable transmission device and an ambient outside the article. In an embodiment, the article has a ΔE of at most 6.5. In another embodiment, the coating includes a plurality of layers including a first layer having a refractive index of at least 2.2 and a thickness of at least 10 nm. The coating can be used to help reduce color differences seen when the non-light-transmitting, variable transmission device is taken to different transmission states. In a particular embodiment, the coating can provide a good balance between color difference and luminous transmission.

A method of manufacturing a glass article comprises: (A) forming a first layer of catalyst metal on a glass substrate; (B) heating the glass substrate; (C) forming a second layer of an alloy of a first metal and a second metal on the first layer; (D) heating the glass substrate, thereby forming a glass article comprising: (i) the glass substrate; (ii) an oxide of the first metal covalently bonded thereto; and (iii) a metallic region bonded to the oxide, the metallic region comprising the catalyst, first, and second metals. In embodiments, the method further comprises (E) forming a third layer of a primary metal on the metallic region; and (F) heating the glass article thereby forming the glass article comprising: (i) the oxide of the first metal covalently bonded the glass substrate; and (ii) a new metallic region bonded to the oxide comprising the catalyst, first, second, and primary metals.

An end-to-end system for data generation, map creation using the generated data, and localization to the created map is disclosed. Mapstreams—or streams of sensor data, perception outputs from deep neural networks (DNNs), and/or relative trajectory data—corresponding to any number of drives by any number of vehicles may be generated and uploaded to the cloud. The mapstreams may be used to generate map data—and ultimately a fused high definition (HD) map—that represents data generated over a plurality of drives. When localizing to the fused HD map, individual localization results may be generated based on comparisons of real-time data from a sensor modality to map data corresponding to the same sensor modality. This process may be repeated for any number of sensor modalities and the results may be fused together to determine a final fused localization result.

An end-to-end system for data generation, map creation using the generated data, and localization to the created map is disclosed. Mapstreams—or streams of sensor data, perception outputs from deep neural networks (DNNs), and/or relative trajectory data—corresponding to any number of drives by any number of vehicles may be generated and uploaded to the cloud. The mapstreams may be used to generate map data—and ultimately a fused high definition (HD) map—that represents data generated over a plurality of drives. When localizing to the fused HD map, individual localization results may be generated based on comparisons of real-time data from a sensor modality to map data corresponding to the same sensor modality. This process may be repeated for any number of sensor modalities and the results may be fused together to determine a final fused localization result.

An end-to-end system for data generation, map creation using the generated data, and localization to the created map is disclosed. Mapstreams—or streams of sensor data, perception outputs from deep neural networks (DNNs), and/or relative trajectory data—corresponding to any number of drives by any number of vehicles may be generated and uploaded to the cloud. The mapstreams may be used to generate map data—and ultimately a fused high definition (HD) map—that represents data generated over a plurality of drives. When localizing to the fused HD map, individual localization results may be generated based on comparisons of real-time data from a sensor modality to map data corresponding to the same sensor modality. This process may be repeated for any number of sensor modalities and the results may be fused together to determine a final fused localization result.

An article can include a non-light-emitting, variable transmission device and a coating disposed between the non-light-emitting, variable transmission device and an ambient outside the article. In an embodiment, the article has a ΔE of at most 6.5. In another embodiment, the coating includes a plurality of layers including a first layer having a refractive index of at least 2.2 and a thickness of at least 10 nm. The coating can be used to help reduce color differences seen when the non-light-transmitting, variable transmission device is taken to different transmission states. In a particular embodiment, the coating can provide a good balance between color difference and luminous transmission.

In various embodiments, electronic devices such as touch-panel displays incorporate interconnects featuring a conductor layer and, disposed above the conductor layer, a capping layer comprising an alloy of Cu and one or more refractory metal elements selected from the group consisting of Ta, Nb, Mo, W, Zr, Hf, Re, Os, Ru, Rh, Ti, V, Cr, and Ni.