A low-emissivity (low-E) coating on a substrate (e.g., glass substrate) includes at least first and second infrared (IR) reflecting layers (e.g., silver based layers) that are spaced apart by contact layers (e.g., NiCr based layers), a layer comprising silicon nitride, and an absorber layer of or including a material such as niobium zirconium which may be oxided and/or nitrided. The absorber layer is designed to allow the coated article to realize glass side reflective (equivalent to exterior reflective in an IG window unit when the coating is on surface #2 of the IG unit) grey color. In certain example embodiments, the coated article (monolithic form and/or in IG window unit form) has a low visible transmission (e.g., from 20-45%, more preferably from 22-39%, and most preferably from 25-37%). In certain example embodiments, the coated article may be heat treated (e.g., thermally tempered and/or heat bent).

An end-to-end system for data generation, map creation using the generated data, and localization to the created map is disclosed. Mapstreamsor streams of sensor data, perception outputs from deep neural networks (DNNs), and/or relative trajectory datacorresponding to any number of drives by any number of vehicles may be generated and uploaded to the cloud. The mapstreams may be used to generate map dataand ultimately a fused high definition (HD) mapthat represents data generated over a plurality of drives. When localizing to the fused HD map, individual localization results may be generated based on comparisons of real-time data from a sensor modality to map data corresponding to the same sensor modality. This process may be repeated for any number of sensor modalities and the results may be fused together to determine a final fused localization result.

An end-to-end system for data generation, map creation using the generated data, and localization to the created map is disclosed. Mapstreamsor streams of sensor data, perception outputs from deep neural networks (DNNs), and/or relative trajectory datacorresponding to any number of drives by any number of vehicles may be generated and uploaded to the cloud. The mapstreams may be used to generate map dataand ultimately a fused high definition (HD) mapthat represents data generated over a plurality of drives. When localizing to the fused HD map, individual localization results may be generated based on comparisons of real-time data from a sensor modality to map data corresponding to the same sensor modality. This process may be repeated for any number of sensor modalities and the results may be fused together to determine a final fused localization result.

An end-to-end system for data generation, map creation using the generated data, and localization to the created map is disclosed. Mapstreamsor streams of sensor data, perception outputs from deep neural networks (DNNs), and/or relative trajectory datacorresponding to any number of drives by any number of vehicles may be generated and uploaded to the cloud. The mapstreams may be used to generate map dataand ultimately a fused high definition (HD) mapthat represents data generated over a plurality of drives. When localizing to the fused HD map, individual localization results may be generated based on comparisons of real-time data from a sensor modality to map data corresponding to the same sensor modality. This process may be repeated for any number of sensor modalities and the results may be fused together to determine a final fused localization result.

Disclosed herein is method for fabricating a graphene layer on a non-graphene carbon layer including steps of cleaning and seeding a substrate, depositing a crystalline diamond on the substrate, sputtering an aluminum layer on the crystalline diamond, where the aluminum layer is greater than 5 nanometers and less than 50 nanometers; and treating a surface of the aluminum layer with an ion beam resulting in a graphene layer on the crystalline diamond.

Low-emissivity coatings that are highly reflective to infrared-radiation. The coating includes three infrared-reflection film regions, which may each include silver.

Disclosed herein is method for fabricating a graphene layer on a non-graphene carbon layer including steps of cleaning and seeding a substrate, depositing a crystalline diamond on the substrate, sputtering an aluminum layer on the crystalline diamond, where the aluminum layer is greater than 5 nanometers and less than 50 nanometers; and treating a surface of the aluminum layer with an ion beam resulting in a graphene layer on the crystalline diamond.

An oxide sintered body containing indium, hafnium, tantalum, and oxygen as constituent elements, in which when indium, hafnium, and tantalum are designated as In, Hf, and Ta, respectively, the atomic ratio of Hf/(In+Hf+Ta) is equal to 0.002 to 0.030, and the atomic ratio of Ta/(In+Hf+Ta) is equal to 0.0002 to 0.013.

A treated substrate includes a low emissivity coating layer disposed on a substrate and a high emissivity coating layer disposed on the low emissivity coating layer. The low emissivity coating layer is formed a low emissivity coating composition including silver, or indium tin oxide, or fluorine-doped tin oxide, while the high emissivity coating layer is formed from a high emissivity coating composition including a carbon-doped silicon oxide. The treated substrate has an emissivity of from 0.7 to less than 1.0 at wavelengths ranging from 8 micrometers to 13 micrometers and has an emissivity of greater than 0 to 0.3 at wavelengths less than 6 micrometers. The treated substrate also maintains a visually acceptable mechanical brush durability resistance for at least 150 test cycles tested in accordance with ASTM D2486-17.

The invention relates to a process for obtaining a material comprising a substrate coated on at least one part of at least one of its faces with at least one functional layer, said process comprising: a step of depositing the or each functional layer, then a step of depositing a sacrificial layer on said at least one functional layer, then a step of heat treatment by means of radiation chosen from laser radiation or radiation from at least one flash lamp, said radiation having at least one treatment wavelength between 200 and 2500 nm, said sacrificial layer being in contact with the air during this heat treatment step, then a step of removing the sacrificial layer using a solvent, said sacrificial layer being a monolayer and being such that, before heat treatment, it absorbs at least one part of said radiation at said at least one treatment wavelength and that, after heat treatment, it is capable of being removed by dissolution and/or dispersion in said solvent.