A carrier apparatus includes an article including a first major surface, a second major surface, a thickness between the first major surface and the second major surface, and an outer edge extending across the thickness between the first major surface and the second major surface. The carrier apparatus includes a coating including a central portion disposed on the first major surface of the article and an outer exposed portion disposed on the outer edge of the article, and a gasket including a first surface contacting the coating. An outer interface between the first surface of the gasket and the coating defines an outer boundary isolating the central portion of the coating from the outer exposed portion of the coating. Methods of processing a carrier apparatus to remove at least a portion of the coating from the article are also provided.

The present disclosure relates to a vehicle glazing, comprising: a first glass substrate having surfaces S1 and S2 wherein S1 faces a vehicle exterior; a second glass substrate having surfaces S3 and S4 wherein S4 faces a vehicle interior; at least one polymer interlayer between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate; and a coating on at least one surface of at least one of the first and second glass substrates, wherein at least one opening is formed in the coating, and the opening is filled with an electrically conductive material, wherein the electrically conductive material is attached to at least one electrical connector.

Provided is a polarizing plate having a wire grid structure, comprising a transparent substrate, a first antireflection film laminated on the first surface of the transparent substrate, a plurality of protrusions protruding from the first antireflection film, a second antireflection layer laminated on a second surface opposite to the first surface, wherein the plurality of protrusions are periodically arranged at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of light in a use band, each of the protrusions extends in in a first direction and includes a reflective layer, a dielectric layer, and an absorption layer in order from the first direction, and both the first antireflection layer and the second antireflection layer have high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers that are alternately laminated.

A method for making a plasmonic mushroom array includes: forming a plurality of metal nano-islands each having nanometer-range dimensions on a surface of a glass substrate; and subjecting to the glass substrate having the plurality of metal nano-islands formed thereon to reactive ion etching such that the plurality of metal nano-islands are converted to a plurality of mushroom-shaped structures each having a metal cap supported by a pillar made of a material of the glass substrate and each having dimensions smaller than the dimensions of the nano-islands, the plurality of mushroom-shaped structures being arranged in a substantially regular pattern with intervals smaller than average intervals between the nano-islands, thereby forming the plurality of nano-scale mushroom-shaped structures on the glass substrate that can exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance.

There are provided an oxide sintered material containing an In.sub.2O.sub.3 crystal phase, a Zn.sub.4In.sub.2O.sub.7 crystal phase and a ZnWO.sub.4 crystal phase, and a method of producing the oxide sintered material. The method includes forming the oxide sintered material by sintering a molded body containing In, W and Zn, and forming the oxide sintered material including placing the molded body at a first constant temperature selected from a temperature range of 500 C. or more and 1000 C. or less for 30 minutes or longer.

The present disclosure relates to an improved automotive glass, such as a windshield, for use in head-up display systems and methods of making the automotive glass. The windshield may include a durable anti-reflective coating on an outer surface that is durable to sustain physical and chemical elements typical for a windshield. The coating may further be placed on an interior surface of the windshield to provide protection over an IRR coating on the interior surface, such that the IRR coating may provide a reflection of a head-up display image. The method of heat treating glass for preparation of a windshield may include phase separating a glass coating which may then be etched to provide a nano-structured porous coating.

The present application discloses biofunctional surfaces that have self-assembled monolayers of fluorine groups with built-in functional groups promote targeted cell and biomolecule binding to the surface while reducing non-specific binding. Further, this application also relates to methods for preparing functional biomolecules, viruses and cells that can be covalently immobilized to prepare biofunctional surfaces.

A method for roughening a surface of a substrate, including: applying a composition containing inorganic particles and organic resin to the surface of the substrate and drying and curing the composition to form an organic resin layer; and etching the substrate by a solution containing hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen peroxide, or an acid, to roughen the surface. Preferably, the solution contains hydrogen fluoride and ammonium fluoride or hydrogen peroxide and ammonia, the resin layer contains a ratio of the particles to the resin of 5 to 50 parts by mass to 100 parts by mass, and the composition is a mixture of silica sol wherein silica is dispersed as the inorganic particles in organic solvent or titanium oxide sol wherein titanium oxide is dispersed, with a solution of the organic resin.

The disclosure relates to an improved glass product having a multifunctional coating or a durable top coat over a functional coating. The glass product may include a functional coating on that is most effective on a surface exposed to various mechanical and chemical elements. The disclosed coating provides a durable protective coating over the functional layer to provide protection over the functional layer on an exposed surface. Alternatively, the functional coating may be applied to the protective coating with a porous, nano-structured surface, which protects the functional coating applied thereto.

A cover glass and a manufacturing method thereof are provided, the method includes: coating a first organic layer on a transparent substrate; forming first via holes on the first organic layer at intervals, heating and melting the first organic layer to flow; wet-etching the transparent substrate having the first organic layer to form a first microstructure on a region of the transparent substrate not shielded by the first organic layer; and removing the first organic layer form the transparent substrate. The present disclosure breaks the limitation for preparing microstructures with size below 5 m in the existing photolithography process, the organic material in wet-etching process can be controlled by heating to make the organic material melted to flow. The size of the microstructure can be reduced and flexibly adjusted according to the pixel size of display panel, the speckle effect of the display device caused by anti-glare treatment can be reduced.