A method of making fly ash comprising combusting a fuel in the presence of a mineral additive, wherein the mineral additive comprises at least one silicate, fly ash obtained by said method and the use of said fly ash as a pozzolan, for example for use in a cementitious composition such as cement and concrete.

A method of making fly ash comprising combusting a fuel in the presence of a mineral additive, wherein the mineral additive comprises at least one silicate, fly ash obtained by said method and the use of said fly ash as a pozzolan, for example for use in a cementitious composition such as cement and concrete.

This invention aims to provide a novel material to be used for the production of components used in the construction industry such as construction blocks, wall panels, floor and roof tiles, lintels and any other product that could use this novel material. The novel material is a paper concrete made with 50% to 90% of recycled paper in the base mixture. This invention also aims to provide a novel process for making a construction block with the base mixture of paper concrete. The process for making the lightweight building blocks with this paper concrete has three main steps with two stages each. The base mixture for the paper concrete is essentially interlinked with the process for making this construction block. The two first steps of the process are crucial to achieve the base mixture and the following step is crucial to achieve a construction block. Thereafter, there are possibilities for producing these blocks with different colors by adding pigment to the paper pulp at stage 1 and adding artistic molds to the molds on the block making machine in stage 6.

This invention aims to provide a novel material to be used for the production of components used in the construction industry such as construction blocks, wall panels, floor and roof tiles, lintels and any other product that could use this novel material. The novel material is a paper concrete made with 50% to 90% of recycled paper in the base mixture. This invention also aims to provide a novel process for making a construction block with the base mixture of paper concrete. The process for making the lightweight building blocks with this paper concrete has three main steps with two stages each. The base mixture for the paper concrete is essentially interlinked with the process for making this construction block. The two first steps of the process are crucial to achieve the base mixture and the following step is crucial to achieve a construction block. Thereafter, there are possibilities for producing these blocks with different colors by adding pigment to the paper pulp at stage 1 and adding artistic molds to the molds on the block making machine in stage 6.

Some embodiments of the present invention comprise a method of cementing comprising: placing a settable composition into a well bore, the settable composition comprising remediated coal ash, hydraulic cement, and water; and allowing the settable composition to set. Other embodiments comprise a method of cementing comprising: placing a settable composition into a well bore, the settable composition comprising remediated coal ash, calcium hydroxide (lime), and water; and allowing the settable composition to set. Other embodiments comprise a settable composition comprising: remediated coal ash, hydraulic cement, calcium hydroxide, natural pozzolan and water; and allowing the composition to set. Other embodiments comprise a settable composition comprising remediated coal ash and any combination of hydraulic cement, calcium hydroxide, slag, fly ash, and natural or other pozzolan.

Some embodiments of the present invention comprise a method of cementing comprising: placing a settable composition into a well bore, the settable composition comprising remediated coal ash, hydraulic cement, and water; and allowing the settable composition to set. Other embodiments comprise a method of cementing comprising: placing a settable composition into a well bore, the settable composition comprising remediated coal ash, calcium hydroxide (lime), and water; and allowing the settable composition to set. Other embodiments comprise a settable composition comprising: remediated coal ash, hydraulic cement, calcium hydroxide, natural pozzolan and water; and allowing the composition to set. Other embodiments comprise a settable composition comprising remediated coal ash and any combination of hydraulic cement, calcium hydroxide, slag, fly ash, and natural or other pozzolan.

A fuel made from co-products derived from a lignocellulosic biomass fermentation process is used to fuel a cement production process. Filter cake and syrup co-products are mixed and dried, then burned in a cement kiln to create the temperatures needed for cement production.

A fuel made from co-products derived from a lignocellulosic biomass fermentation process is used to fuel a cement production process. Filter cake and syrup co-products are mixed and dried, then burned in a cement kiln to create the temperatures needed for cement production.

An embodiment comprises a method of treating a subterranean formation comprising: providing a treatment fluid comprising a kiln dust, biowaste ash, and water; and introducing the treatment fluid into a subterranean formation. Another embodiment comprises a method of cementing comprising: introducing a cement composition into a subterranean formation, wherein the cement composition comprises a kiln dust, biowaste ash, and water; and allowing the cement composition to set in the subterranean formation. Yet another embodiment comprises a method comprising: providing a spacer fluid comprising biowaste ash and water; introducing the spacer fluid into a well bore to displace at least a portion of a first fluid from the well bore; and introducing a cement composition into the well bore, wherein the spacer fluid separates the cement composition and the first fluid.

An embodiment comprises a method of treating a subterranean formation comprising: providing a treatment fluid comprising a kiln dust, biowaste ash, and water; and introducing the treatment fluid into a subterranean formation. Another embodiment comprises a method of cementing comprising: introducing a cement composition into a subterranean formation, wherein the cement composition comprises a kiln dust, biowaste ash, and water; and allowing the cement composition to set in the subterranean formation. Yet another embodiment comprises a method comprising: providing a spacer fluid comprising biowaste ash and water; introducing the spacer fluid into a well bore to displace at least a portion of a first fluid from the well bore; and introducing a cement composition into the well bore, wherein the spacer fluid separates the cement composition and the first fluid.