A method for heat treatment of a grain-shaped feed material using a calcination device to remove carbonate or water of crystallization from the feed material are provided. To continuously check the quality of the heat treatment process, the bulk density of the heat-treated material is measured continuously, wherein upon detection of a deviation of the determined bulk density from the at least one desired bulk density at least one heat treatment parameter of the heat treatment is adapted automatically or manually.

A method for heat treatment of a grain-shaped feed material using a calcination device to remove carbonate or water of crystallization from the feed material are provided. To continuously check the quality of the heat treatment process, the bulk density of the heat-treated material is measured continuously, wherein upon detection of a deviation of the determined bulk density from the at least one desired bulk density at least one heat treatment parameter of the heat treatment is adapted automatically or manually.

The present disclosure provides a preparation method for hydrothermal synthesis of fly ash silicate aggregate including: mixing sodium metasilicate, potassium hydroxide, and inorganic-organic hybrid excitation monomer as raw materials to obtain an inorganic-organic composite activator; preparing a silicate aggregate raw material, mixing measured fly ash, carbide slag, quicklime, and vitrified micro bubble by mass, adding the inorganic-organic composite activator and continue stirring to produce a mixture; forming a ball disc, wetting an expanded perlite that forms a core of the ball by spraying water, adding a prepared mixture, spraying water while adding, standing and curing, performing a maturation and activation treatment in an autoclave, undergoing a silicon calcium reaction for a hydrothermal synthesis to obtain the silicate aggregates. The present disclosure obtains silicate aggregates with high-performance by accelerating an internal activity of fly ash at an early stage and fully activating the activity of fly ash in all process.

The invention relates to a method for the expansion of sand grain-shaped raw material (1) in which the raw material (1) drops downwards through a substantially vertical heated shaft (4) provided with means (2) for forming a temperature profile (3), in which a shaft flow (5) prevails wherein the raw material (1) expands as a result of heat transfer in the shaft (4) to form expanded granulate (6) and the granulate formed (6) is passed into a pneumatic conveying line (7) with a conveying flow (8) for further transport. In order to continuously check the quality of the expansion process, the bulk density of the expanded granulate (6) is measured continuously, wherein upon detecting a deviation from at least one defined bulk density, the temperature profile (3) in the shaft (4) is adapted automatically or manually and/or the feeding of raw material (1) into the shaft (4) is reduced automatically or manually.

The invention relates to a method for the expansion of sand grain-shaped raw material (1) in which the raw material (1) drops downwards through a substantially vertical heated shaft (4) provided with means (2) for forming a temperature profile (3), in which a shaft flow (5) prevails wherein the raw material (1) expands as a result of heat transfer in the shaft (4) to form expanded granulate (6) and the granulate formed (6) is passed into a pneumatic conveying line (7) with a conveying flow (8) for further transport. In order to continuously check the quality of the expansion process, the bulk density of the expanded granulate (6) is measured continuously, wherein upon detecting a deviation from at least one defined bulk density, the temperature profile (3) in the shaft (4) is adapted automatically or manually and/or the feeding of raw material (1) into the shaft (4) is reduced automatically or manually.

The present disclosure concerns expandable silica particles having a coating comprising talc powder and kaolin powder provided on the outer surface of the expandable silica particle and expandable and expanded silica particles comprising silica fume and/or ultrafine quartz silica sand beneath the surface of the particles. Methods for producing expandable and expanded silica particles are disclosed, including a method using a vibration plate and a furnace having a vibration plate for carrying out that method. The expanded silica particles have high compressive strength, substantially uniform cell size and distribution, low water absorption, and low porosity on the outer surface. They are useful as a filler in matrix materials, like concrete or epoxy, as insulation material with various binder materials, and as water filtration medium.

The present disclosure concerns expandable silica particles having a coating comprising talc powder and kaolin powder provided on the outer surface of the expandable silica particle and expandable and expanded silica particles comprising silica fume and/or ultrafine quartz silica sand beneath the surface of the particles. Methods for producing expandable and expanded silica particles are disclosed, including a method using a vibration plate and a furnace having a vibration plate for carrying out that method. The expanded silica particles have high compressive strength, substantially uniform cell size and distribution, low water absorption, and low porosity on the outer surface. They are useful as a filler in matrix materials, like concrete or epoxy, as insulation material with various binder materials, and as water filtration medium.

The invention relates to a method for the expansion of sand grain-shaped raw material (1) in which the raw material (1) drops downwards through a substantially vertical heated shaft (4) provided with means (2) for forming a temperature profile (3), in which a shaft flow (5) prevails wherein the raw material (1) expands as a result of heat transfer in the shaft (4) to form expanded granulate (6) and the granulate formed (6) is passed into a pneumatic conveying line (7) with a conveying flow (8) for further transport.

In order to continuously check the quality of the expansion process, the bulk density of the expanded granulate (6) is measured continuously, wherein upon detecting a deviation from at least one defined bulk density, the temperature profile (3) in the shaft (4) is adapted automatically or manually and/or the feeding of raw material (1) into the shaft (4) is reduced automatically or manually.

The invention relates to a method for the expansion of sand grain-shaped raw material (1) in which the raw material (1) drops downwards through a substantially vertical heated shaft (4) provided with means (2) for forming a temperature profile (3), in which a shaft flow (5) prevails wherein the raw material (1) expands as a result of heat transfer in the shaft (4) to form expanded granulate (6) and the granulate formed (6) is passed into a pneumatic conveying line (7) with a conveying flow (8) for further transport.

In order to continuously check the quality of the expansion process, the bulk density of the expanded granulate (6) is measured continuously, wherein upon detecting a deviation from at least one defined bulk density, the temperature profile (3) in the shaft (4) is adapted automatically or manually and/or the feeding of raw material (1) into the shaft (4) is reduced automatically or manually.

A method and system for expanding sand grain-shaped raw material drops raw material downwards through a substantially vertical heated shaft equipped for forming a temperature profile, in which a shaft flow prevails wherein raw material expands as a result of heat transfer in the shaft to form expanded granulate, and the granulate formed is passed into a pneumatic conveying line with a conveying flow for further transport. The method and system continuously measure the bulk density of the expanded granulate to continuously check the quality of the expansion process, automatically or manually adapting the temperature profile in the shaft and/or automatically or manually reducing the feeding of raw material into the shaft upon detecting a deviation from at least one defined bulk density.