A method of producing a nanosilica-containing cement formulation, the method comprising the steps of mixing an amount of a determinant nanosilica particle and a functional coating; applying a dynamic initiator to trigger a reversible reaction of the functional coating to produce a reversible cage, where the reversible cage surrounds the determinant nanosilica particle to produce an encapsulated nanosilica; and mixing the encapsulated nanosilica and a cement formulation to produce the nanosilica-containing cement formulation

A method of producing a nanosilica-containing cement formulation, the method comprising the steps of mixing an amount of a determinant nanosilica particle and a functional coating; applying a dynamic initiator to trigger a reversible reaction of the functional coating to produce a reversible cage, where the reversible cage surrounds the determinant nanosilica particle to produce an encapsulated nanosilica; and mixing the encapsulated nanosilica and a cement formulation to produce the nanosilica-containing cement formulation

The invention relates to a composition for making flooring material comprising resin and particles comprising ammonium quaternary salt. The resin is generally an unsaturated polyester resin. The flooring materials, or engineered stone slabs from which the flooring materials or other material can be formed, are generally made from combining the resin, particles, inorganic particulate material and an initiator and allowing the resin to cure. The flooring material composition may be cobalt free. Metal catalysts may be used to cure the resin.

The invention relates to a composition for making flooring material comprising resin and particles comprising ammonium quaternary salt. The resin is generally an unsaturated polyester resin. The flooring materials, or engineered stone slabs from which the flooring materials or other material can be formed, are generally made from combining the resin, particles, inorganic particulate material and an initiator and allowing the resin to cure. The flooring material composition may be cobalt free. Metal catalysts may be used to cure the resin.

A composition comprising thermoset polymer, shape memory polymer to facilitate macro scale damage closure, and a means for molecular scale healing is disclosed; the composition has the ability to resolve structural defects by a bio-mimetic close-then heal process. In use, the shape memory polymer serves to bring surfaces of a structural defect into approximation, whereafter use of the means for molecular scale healing allowed for movement of the healing means into the defect and thus obtain molecular scale healing. The means for molecular scale healing can be a thermoplastic such as fibers, particles or spheres which are used by heating to a level at or above the thermoplastic's melting point, then cooling of the composition below the melting temperature of the thermoplastic. Compositions of the invention have the ability to not only close macroscopic defects, but also to do so repeatedly even if another wound/damage occurs in a previously healed/repaired area.

Capsules with a cement additive covered by a polymeric outer shell are added to wellbore cement. The additive is released from the shells by osmosis or shell ruptures. Capillary forces draw the additive into micro-annuli or cracks present in the cement, where the additive seals the micro-annuli and cracks to define a self-sealing material. The empty shells remain in the cement and act as an additive that modifies cement elasticity. The capsules are formed by combining immiscible liquids, where one of the liquids contains a signaling substance, and each of the liquids contains a reagent. When combined, the liquids segregate into a dispersed phase and a continuous phase, with the dispersed phase having the signaling agent. The reagents react at interfaces between dispersed and continuous phases and form polymer layers encapsulating the signaling agent to form the capsules. Adjusting relative concentrations of the reagents varies membrane strength and permeability.

Capsules with a cement additive covered by a polymeric outer shell are added to wellbore cement. The additive is released from the shells by osmosis or shell ruptures. Capillary forces draw the additive into micro-annuli or cracks present in the cement, where the additive seals the micro-annuli and cracks to define a self-sealing material. The empty shells remain in the cement and act as an additive that modifies cement elasticity. The capsules are formed by combining immiscible liquids, where one of the liquids contains a signaling substance, and each of the liquids contains a reagent. When combined, the liquids segregate into a dispersed phase and a continuous phase, with the dispersed phase having the signaling agent. The reagents react at interfaces between dispersed and continuous phases and form polymer layers encapsulating the signaling agent to form the capsules. Adjusting relative concentrations of the reagents varies membrane strength and permeability.

Composite fibers and methods of manufacturing composite fibers for the reinforcement of concrete are provided. The composite fibers include fibers and a polymeric coating. The composite fibers have a length of about 10 mm to about 80 mm and an equivalent diameter from about 0.3 mm to about 2 mm. A method for reinforcing concrete using the composite fibers is further provided.

Composite fibers and methods of manufacturing composite fibers for the reinforcement of concrete are provided. The composite fibers include fibers and a polymeric coating. The composite fibers have a length of about 10 mm to about 80 mm and an equivalent diameter from about 0.3 mm to about 2 mm. A method for reinforcing concrete using the composite fibers is further provided.

Electromagnetically-induced cement concrete crack self-healing diisocyanate microcapsules include raw materials, in parts by weight, comprising 15-55 parts of petroleum resin, 5-10 parts of paraffin, 5-10 parts of polyethylene wax, 3-10 parts of magnetic iron powder and 20-67 parts of diisocyanate. The diisocyanate microcapsules use the diisocyanate as a core material, and the petroleum resin/paraffin/polyethylene wax/magnetic iron powder mixture as the shell of the capsule. When micro cracks occur in the concrete, the crack propagation can break partial of the microcapsule inside, the diisocyanate inside the microcapsules flows out and diffuses into the crack and is subjected to a solidifying reaction with water in the concrete, so that the crack is repaired in time; and for the microcapsules that are not broken by cracks, external electromagnetic field can be applied to melt the shell to release the diisocyanate inside, thereby diffusing into cracks and solidify with water to repair them.