A voltage source includes two electrically conductive terminals (101, 102) with an electrolyte (103) between them. Said electrolyte (103) is a mixture in which the main component is ash produced in a power plant or an incineration plant.

A voltage source includes two electrically conductive terminals (101, 102) with an electrolyte (103) between them. Said electrolyte (103) is a mixture in which the main component is ash produced in a power plant or an incineration plant.

An activating composition, in particular for concrete or industrial mortars containing hydraulic binder and/or pozzolanic material, comprises at least 40% by weight, preferably at least 50% by weight of calcium carbonate and/or magnesium carbonate particles having a d80 less than or equal to 15 .Math.m, and a d50 less than or equal to 4 .Math.m, and at least 1.5% by weight and up to 60% by weight of at least one alkaline metal salt. A binder composition is also provided, the binder composition comprising the activating composition and a component C comprising at least one hydraulic binder. The binder composition and at least one aggregate are combined to form a dry concrete or industrial mortar composition. Also provided is a process for preparing wet concrete or mortar compositions and hardened concrete or industrial mortar compositions obtained therefrom.

An activating composition, in particular for concrete or industrial mortars containing hydraulic binder and/or pozzolanic material, comprises at least 40% by weight, preferably at least 50% by weight of calcium carbonate and/or magnesium carbonate particles having a d80 less than or equal to 15 .Math.m, and a d50 less than or equal to 4 .Math.m, and at least 1.5% by weight and up to 60% by weight of at least one alkaline metal salt. A binder composition is also provided, the binder composition comprising the activating composition and a component C comprising at least one hydraulic binder. The binder composition and at least one aggregate are combined to form a dry concrete or industrial mortar composition. Also provided is a process for preparing wet concrete or mortar compositions and hardened concrete or industrial mortar compositions obtained therefrom.

The invention concerns a method for fluidifying wet concrete or industrial mortar compositions comprising: (a) at least one hydraulic binder, (b) at least one water reducing polymer, (c) at least one accelerator in the form of a salt containing at least one kosmotropic ion, (d) water, and (e) possibly one or more supplementary cementitious materials, and (f) possibly one or more filler materials, the method comprising a step of adding at least one salt (ch) including at least one chaotropic ion to the concrete or industrial mortar composition.

The invention concerns a method for fluidifying wet concrete or industrial mortar compositions comprising: (a) at least one hydraulic binder, (b) at least one water reducing polymer, (c) at least one accelerator in the form of a salt containing at least one kosmotropic ion, (d) water, and (e) possibly one or more supplementary cementitious materials, and (f) possibly one or more filler materials, the method comprising a step of adding at least one salt (ch) including at least one chaotropic ion to the concrete or industrial mortar composition.

Vinyl acetate-ethylene and/or styrene-(meth)acrylic ester copolymers along with processes for preparing the same and uses for the same. Wherein the vinyl acetate-ethylene and/or styrene-(meth)acrylic ester copolymers are in the form of water-redispersible powders for producing hydraulically-setting building material dry formulations. Where the storage stability of the protective-colloid-stabilized vinyl acetate-ethylene or styrene-(meth)acrylic ester copolymers in the form of water-redispersible powders is improved by drying aqueous dispersions comprising protective-colloid-stabilized vinyl acetate-ethylene and/or styrene-(meth)acrylic ester copolymers, one or more water-soluble inorganic salts, and one or more desiccants. Where the water-soluble inorganic salts are selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulfates and where the desiccants are selected from the group comprising polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl acetals, nonionic polyvinylpyrrolidones, nonionic poly(meth)acrylamides, polysaccharides and proteins.

Vinyl acetate-ethylene and/or styrene-(meth)acrylic ester copolymers along with processes for preparing the same and uses for the same. Wherein the vinyl acetate-ethylene and/or styrene-(meth)acrylic ester copolymers are in the form of water-redispersible powders for producing hydraulically-setting building material dry formulations. Where the storage stability of the protective-colloid-stabilized vinyl acetate-ethylene or styrene-(meth)acrylic ester copolymers in the form of water-redispersible powders is improved by drying aqueous dispersions comprising protective-colloid-stabilized vinyl acetate-ethylene and/or styrene-(meth)acrylic ester copolymers, one or more water-soluble inorganic salts, and one or more desiccants. Where the water-soluble inorganic salts are selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulfates and where the desiccants are selected from the group comprising polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl acetals, nonionic polyvinylpyrrolidones, nonionic poly(meth)acrylamides, polysaccharides and proteins.

The invention relates to a cementitious multi-component mortar system comprising finely ground Portland cement clinker with a grinding fineness in the range of from 6000 to 12000 cm.sup.2 g, for use as an inorganic chemical fastening system for anchoring elements in mineral substrates.

The invention relates to a cementitious multi-component mortar system comprising finely ground Portland cement clinker with a grinding fineness in the range of from 6000 to 12000 cm.sup.2 g, for use as an inorganic chemical fastening system for anchoring elements in mineral substrates.