A composite material having a grainy appearance, this composite material including a metal matrix which represents, in terms of volume fraction, between 50 and 95% of the grainy composite material, the ceramic particles having a diameter that lies in the range 0.1 to 2 mm and which represent, in terms of volume fraction, between 50 and 5% of the composite material are dispersed in the metal matrix and form the remainder of this grainy composite material. A method for manufacturing a grainy synthetic material.

Provided are a powder for laser manufacturing which can be stably manufactured and from which a three-dimensional manufactured object ensuring a manufacturing accuracy can be obtained and a using method thereof. A powder for ceramic manufacturing for obtaining a manufactured object by repeatedly sintering or fusing and solidifying in sequence a powder in an irradiation portion with laser light, in which the powder includes a plurality of constituent materials, at least one constituent material of the constituent materials is an absorber that relatively strongly absorbs the laser light compared to other constituent materials, and at least a part of the absorber changes to a different constituent material that relatively weakly absorbs the laser light by irradiation with the laser light and a using method of a powder in which the powder is used.

Provided are a powder for laser manufacturing which can be stably manufactured and from which a three-dimensional manufactured object ensuring a manufacturing accuracy can be obtained and a using method thereof. A powder for ceramic manufacturing for obtaining a manufactured object by repeatedly sintering or fusing and solidifying in sequence a powder in an irradiation portion with laser light, in which the powder includes a plurality of constituent materials, at least one constituent material of the constituent materials is an absorber that relatively strongly absorbs the laser light compared to other constituent materials, and at least a part of the absorber changes to a different constituent material that relatively weakly absorbs the laser light by irradiation with the laser light and a using method of a powder in which the powder is used.

A method for producing a gas sensor element (10), the gas sensor element including a diffusive porous layer (113) disposed in a measurement chamber (111) and exposed to the outside and a ceramic insulating layer (115) forming sidewalls of the measurement chamber. The method includes transferring green diffusive porous layer pieces (113x) cut in advance so as to have prescribed dimensions onto a first ceramic green sheet (110x); applying an insulating paste which later becomes the ceramic insulating layer to the first ceramic green sheet; laminating the first ceramic green sheet onto a second ceramic green sheet (120x) to form a ceramic laminate (200x); cutting the ceramic laminate along prescribed cutting lines C to obtain a plurality of gas sensor element pieces 10x; and firing the gas sensor element pieces.

A method for producing a fiber composite component and a fiber composite component for high-temperature applications. In particular, a workpiece carrier for providing and handling workpieces in high-temperature furnaces for high-temperature treatments or the like, a dimensionally stable green body of the fiber composite component being realized from a matrix material reinforced with fibers, said fiber composite component being realized by means of a heat treatment of the green body, a fiber being extruded together with a slip as a matrix material from a nozzle and being spatially arranged in such a manner that the green body is realized by means of additive manufacturing.

A method for producing a fiber composite component and a fiber composite component for high-temperature applications. In particular, a workpiece carrier for providing and handling workpieces in high-temperature furnaces for high-temperature treatments or the like, a dimensionally stable green body of the fiber composite component being realized from a matrix material reinforced with fibers, said fiber composite component being realized by means of a heat treatment of the green body, a fiber being extruded together with a slip as a matrix material from a nozzle and being spatially arranged in such a manner that the green body is realized by means of additive manufacturing.

A porous refractory cast material contains a closed refractory aggregate fraction having a minimum particle size and a maximum particle size; the ratio of maximum particle size to minimum particle size is 10:1 or less. This closed refractory aggregate fraction comprises all of the porous refractory cast material having a particle diameter greater than 0.1 mm. The porous refractory cast material also contains a binder phase containing refractory selected from calcium aluminate cement, alumina phosphate, hydratable alumina, colloidal silica and combinations thereof. Also disclosed is a metallurgical vessel with an interior lining incorporating the porous refractory cast material.

A porous refractory cast material contains a closed refractory aggregate fraction having a minimum particle size and a maximum particle size; the ratio of maximum particle size to minimum particle size is 10:1 or less. This closed refractory aggregate fraction comprises all of the porous refractory cast material having a particle diameter greater than 0.1 mm. The porous refractory cast material also contains a binder phase containing refractory selected from calcium aluminate cement, alumina phosphate, hydratable alumina, colloidal silica and combinations thereof. Also disclosed is a metallurgical vessel with an interior lining incorporating the porous refractory cast material.

Disclosed is a refractory product for casting of steel, which is capable of forming a dense surface layer which is high in terms of a slag infiltration suppressing ability and strong, in a surface region thereof efficiently or sufficiently or in an optimum state. The refractory product contains 1 mass % or more of free carbon, and 2 mass % to 15 mass % of an aluminum component as metal, with the remainder comprising a refractory material as a main composition, wherein the refractory product has a permeability of 110.sup.16m.sup.2 to 1510.sup.16m.sup.2.

An article including an inorganic compound according to the present invention includes a porous part and a no-porous frame body surrounding the porous part in a plane direction, and includes a stress relaxation part between the porous part and the frame body.